Abstract The surface properties of slightly oxidized chalcocite, bornite, and chalcopyrite with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) treatment were investigated by solid analyses of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, solution analyses, and zeta potential measurements. NaHS is known as a flotation activator for copper-oxide minerals by sulfurizing their surfaces. This study focused on the surface properties before/after sulfurization by the NaHS at several NaHS dosages and alkaline pHs. Iron leaching and precipitates of copper–iron-sulfide minerals have also been investigated. The analysis results showed that NaHS sulfurized the oxidized copper species, CuO and CuSO4, to copper sulfide, but oxidized iron species, Fe2O3 and Fe(OH)3, were not sulfurized by NaHS. These oxidized iron species dissolved into solutions as complex ion, Fe(HS)20, then Fe(HS)20 was decomposed by dissolved oxygen and reprecipitated as Fe2O3. The results of chalcocite showed that Cu2S was generated on the surfaces with NaHS treatment at any pH. The bornite and chalcopyrite results indicated that Fe2O3 was produced on bornite surfaces with an increase in pH, whereas the chalcopyrite surfaces were covered as the pH decreased. A flotation test was conducted using a Chilean copper ore that contained chalcocite, bornite, and chalcopyrite, and the flotation recovery of each mineral was consistent with the surface sulfurization at several NaHS dosages and pHs.

中文翻译：

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硫氢化钠活化硫化铜矿物的表面性质

摘要 通过 X 射线光电子能谱的固体分析、溶液分析和 zeta 电位测量，研究了经硫氢化钠 (NaHS) 处理的轻度氧化的辉铜矿、斑铜矿和黄铜矿的表面性质。NaHS 被称为氧化铜矿物的浮选活化剂，通过硫化它们的表面。这项研究的重点是在几种 NaHS 剂量和碱性 pH 值下 NaHS 硫化之前/之后的表面特性。还研究了铜-铁-硫化物矿物的铁浸出和沉淀。分析结果表明，NaHS 将氧化的铜物质 CuO 和 CuSO4 硫化成硫化铜，但氧化的铁物质 Fe2O3 和 Fe(OH)3 不会被 NaHS 硫化。这些氧化的铁物质以络离子 Fe(HS)20 的形式溶解在溶液中，然后 Fe(HS)20 被溶解氧分解并重新沉淀为 Fe2O3。辉铜矿的结果表明，在任何 pH 值下，NaHS 处理的表面都会生成 Cu2S。斑铜矿和黄铜矿结果表明，随着 pH 值的增加，在斑铜矿表面生成 Fe2O3，而随着 pH 值的降低，黄铜矿表面被覆盖。使用含有辉铜矿、斑铜矿和黄铜矿的智利铜矿石进行浮选试验，每种矿物的浮选回收率与几种 NaHS 剂量和 pH 值下的表面硫化一致。斑铜矿和黄铜矿结果表明，随着 pH 值的增加，在斑铜矿表面生成 Fe2O3，而随着 pH 值的降低，黄铜矿表面被覆盖。使用含有辉铜矿、斑铜矿和黄铜矿的智利铜矿石进行浮选试验，每种矿物的浮选回收率与几种 NaHS 剂量和 pH 值下的表面硫化一致。斑铜矿和黄铜矿的结果表明，随着 pH 值的增加，在斑铜矿表面生成 Fe2O3，而随着 pH 值的降低，黄铜矿表面被覆盖。使用含有辉铜矿、斑铜矿和黄铜矿的智利铜矿石进行浮选试验，每种矿物的浮选回收率与几种 NaHS 剂量和 pH 值下的表面硫化一致。