Soil is considered as a sink for heavy metals. Human health is severely affected by the continuous intake of toxic heavy metals even in a very low concentration. In the present experiment, we determined the influence of nutritional status including control (fasted condition), glucose (fed state), plant protein (fed state), animal protein (fed state) and calcium (fed state) on soil cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) bioaccessibility using physiologically-based extraction test (PBET) method together with simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME) model. The bioaccessibility of Cd was 1.06–73.58%, 0.44–54.79% and 0–17.78% and Cu was 3.81–67.32%, 4.98–71.14%, and 0–17.54% in the phase-I, phase-II and Phase-III respectively (in this study gastric phase, small intestinal phase and colon phase were considered as phase-I, phase-II and Phase-III respectively). The outcomes showed that, the average Cd bioaccessibility was higher with animal protein addition compared with other treatments in different phases. So, the effect of animal protein on Cd bioaccessibility was higher than other treatments in the phase-I, phase-II and phase-III. Due to the addition of plant protein, the higher average bioaccessibility of Cu was noticed in phase-I and phase-II in comparison to other treatments. However, in phase-III, the higher average bioaccessibility of Cu was found due to control treatment comparing with other treatments. Therefore, the influence of plant protein was higher than other nutrients on Cu bioaccessibility in the phase-I and phase-II. Moreover, other nutrients showed variable influence on Cd and Cu bioaccessibility. So, nutritional status has a significant effect on bioaccessibility as well as human health risk assessment.

土壤被认为是重金属的汇。持续摄入有毒的重金属，即使浓度很低，也会严重危害人类健康。在本实验中，我们确定了营养状况（包括对照（禁食状态），葡萄糖（进食状态），植物蛋白（进食状态），动物蛋白（进食状态）和钙（进食状态））对土壤镉（Cd）的影响和铜（Cu）的生物可及性，使用基于生理的提取测试（PBET）方法以及人类肠道微生物生态系统（SHIME）模型的模拟器。在阶段I，阶段II和阶段III中，Cd的生物可及性为1.06–73.58％，0.44–54.79％和0–17.78％，Cu为3.81–67.32％，4.98–71.14％和0–17.54％ （在本研究中，胃期，小肠期和结肠期分别被视为I期，第二阶段和第三阶段）。结果表明，与不同阶段的其他处理相比，添加动物蛋白的平均Cd生物可及性更高。因此，动物蛋白对Cd生物可及性的影响高于I期，II期和III期的其他处理方法。由于添加了植物蛋白，因此与其他处理相比，在I期和II期中发现了较高的平均Cu生物利用度。但是，在第三阶段，由于对照处理，与其他处理相比，铜的平均生物可及性更高。因此，在第一阶段和第二阶段中，植物蛋白对铜生物可及性的影响高于其他养分。此外，其他养分对Cd和Cu的生物利用度也表现出不同的影响。所以，