Abstract The outcomes of semen cryopreservation in poultry are not as successful as that seen in mammals. The utilization of dietary omega-3 fatty acids, as a nutritional approach, improves the cryo-survival of sperm in several mammalian species. The applicability of this strategy to rooster semen has not yet been assessed. This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary sources of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids for cryopreservation of rooster semen and their effects on semen parameters after freezing-thawing. Roosters were allocated into three dietary treatments; 1) control group received a basal diet (CTRL) 2) fish oil based diet (FO) received a diet supplemented with 15 g fish oil per kg of diet and 3) sunflower oil based diet (SO) received a diet supplemented with 15 g sunflower oil per kg of diet. Roosters were fed their diets for 60 days. Semen samples were collected from the roosters at days 1, 20, 40, and 60 of the experiment and then cryopreserved according to standard protocol. Several sperm quality indicators such as motility, membrane integrity, viability, abnormal morphology, mitochondria activity, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis were assessed after freezing-thawing. Results showed that different diets affected post-thaw sperm quality parameters except for total motility, curvilinear velocity, amplitude of lateral head displacement, beat/cross-frequency, linearity coefficient, abnormal morphology, and malondialdehyde levels. Different sperm parameters after thawing were not significant (P > 0.05) at various times of the experiment. The highest significant values (P ≤ 0.05) in progressive motility, viability, and mitochondria activity after thawing were observed in diet supplemented with 15 g fish oil per kg diet. The percentage of apoptosis in thawed sperm was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower in both diets supplemented with fish oil and sunflower oil compared to the control diet. It can be concluded that the supplementation of roosters’ diet with 15 g fish oil per kg diet improved the quality of frozen-thawed semen.

中文翻译：

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使用 omega-3 和 omega-6 脂肪酸的膳食来源增强公鸡精液冷冻能力

摘要 在家禽中精液冷冻保存的结果不如在哺乳动物中看到的那么成功。使用膳食 omega-3 脂肪酸作为一种营养方法，可以提高几种哺乳动物精子的冷冻存活率。尚未评估该策略对公鸡精液的适用性。本研究旨在确定 omega-3 和 omega-6 脂肪酸的饮食来源对公鸡精液冷冻保存的影响及其对冻融后精液参数的影响。公鸡被分配到三种饮食处理中；1) 对照组接受基础饮食 (CTRL) 2) 基于鱼油的饮食 (FO) 接受每公斤饮食补充 15 g 鱼油的饮食和 3) 基于葵花油的饮食 (SO) 接受补充 15 g 鱼油的饮食葵花籽油每公斤饮食。公鸡被喂食了 60 天的饮食。在实验的第 1、20、40 和 60 天从公鸡收集精液样本，然后根据标准方案进行冷冻保存。冻融后评估了几种精子质量指标，如运动性、膜完整性、活力、异常形态、线粒体活性、脂质过氧化和细胞凋亡。结果表明，除总运动量、曲线速度、横向头部位移幅度、搏动/交叉频率、线性系数、异常形态和丙二醛水平外，不同的饮食会影响解冻后精子的质量参数。在实验的不同时间，解冻后不同的精子参数不显着（P > 0.05）。渐进运动性、生存力、生存能力的最高显着值 (P ≤ 0.05) 在每公斤饲料中添加 15 克鱼油的饲料中观察到解冻后线粒体的活性和线粒体活性。与对照饮食相比，在添加鱼油和葵花籽油的两种饮食中，解冻精子的凋亡百分比显着降低（P ≤ 0.05）。可以得出结论，每公斤日粮在公鸡日粮中添加15克鱼油可以提高冻融精液的质量。