The technique of beamforming which determines the directionality of array sensors plays an important part in wireless access networks, due to small snapshots and variational signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) in practical applications, the performance of traditional sampling matrix inversion(SMI) beamforming algorithm often degrades drastically. Therefore, an adaptive diagonal loading sampling matrix inversion(ADL-SMI) algorithm is proposed, it calculates the loading value according to the characteristic structure of the covariance matrix. Simulative results show that beam formed by the proposed algorithm has a high quality under the conditions of high or low SNR, and still performs well under the case of small snapshots. Comparing with SMI and the traditional diagonal loading algorithm, the ADL-SMI is robuster and easier to be realized.

决定阵列传感器方向性的波束成形技术在无线接入网络中起着重要的作用，因为在实际应用中快照很小且信噪比（SNR）有所变化，传统采样矩阵求逆（SMI）波束成形的性能也很高算法通常会大大降低性能。因此，提出了一种自适应对角负荷采样矩阵求逆算法，该算法根据协方差矩阵的特征结构计算负荷值。仿真结果表明，该算法所形成的波束在高信噪比或低信噪比的条件下具有较高的质量，在快照较小的情况下仍能保持良好的性能。与SMI和传统的对角线加载算法相比，ADL-SMI更强大且更易于实现。