Manganese oxides are the strongest natural oxidants in our environments aside from oxygen. Most natural manganese oxides are produced through the Mn(II) oxidation process driven by microbes. Biogenic manganese oxides (BioMnOx) are usually amorphous and rich in defects and possess large surface areas, resulting in high oxidative reactivity and strong absorption capacity for many emerging pollutants. Up to date, numerous of Mn(II) oxidation microbes (MnOM) have been isolated and characterized. Both directly enzymatic or indirectly abiotic Mn(II) oxidation processes were found in MnOM, but a systemic summarization about the Mn(II) oxidation mechanism is still lack. Moreover, the differentiation among BioMnOx produced by different MnOM needs to compare. As a potential oxidant and catalyst for pollutants removal, the role of BioMnOx in environmental remediation is also rarely mentioned. In this review, we focus on the Mn(II) oxidation process mediated by different MnOM, including their Mn(II) oxidation characterization and putative mechanism, as well as characterization of BioMnOx, and BioMnOx-related environmental remediation processes.

除氧气外，锰氧化物是我们环境中最强的天然氧化剂。大多数天然锰氧化物是通过微生物驱动的Mn（II）氧化过程产生的。生物锰氧化物（BioMnOx）通常是无定形的，并且缺陷丰富且具有较大的表面积，从而导致高的氧化反应性和对许多新兴污染物的强大吸收能力。迄今为止，已经分离并鉴定了许多Mn（II）氧化微生物（MnOM）。在MnOM中发现了直接酶促或间接非生物Mn（II）氧化过程，但仍缺乏有关Mn（II）氧化机理的系统总结。此外，需要比较不同MnOM产生的BioMnOx的区别。作为去除污染物的潜在氧化剂和催化剂，BioMnOx在环境修复中的作用也很少被提及。在这篇综述中，我们集中于由不同MnOM介导的Mn（II）氧化过程，包括它们的Mn（II）氧化表征和推定机理，以及BioMnOx的表征以及与BioMnOx相关的环境修复过程。