Abstract A facile one-pot, three component reaction has been developed using aldehydes, nitroalkane and sodium azide with zinc oxide nanocatalyst for the synthesis of 4-aryl-NH-1,2,3-triazoles. ZnO nanoparticles with controlled size (15–25 nm) and morphology were prepared using a sonochemical strategy. Structural and morphological study revealed the growth of well crystalline particles along the c axis i.e. [0001] direction due to higher surface energy. The catalysis protocol used in this work offers an efficient and highly economical alternative to the existing methods since the reactions proceed smoothly in green solvent polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 under aerobic condition. The reaction has a broad substrate scope resulting in excellent yields of the desired products. The catalyst recovery part was tricky at the initial stages; however an alternative route was successfully introduced to recover the former and reused it for the next cycles of catalytic reaction with excellent retentivity in the catalytic activity. The observed high catalytic efficacy with no significant activity loss using recovered catalyst is mainly due to the retention of morphology and crystal structure of ZnO nanoparticles after many catalytic reactions. Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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氧化锌纳米颗粒催化一锅三组分反应：4-芳基-NH-1,2,3-三唑的简便合成

摘要 使用醛、硝基烷烃和叠氮化钠与氧化锌纳米催化剂建立了一种简便的一锅三组分反应，用于合成 4-芳基-NH-1,2,3-三唑。使用声化学策略制备具有受控尺寸（15-25 nm）和形态的 ZnO 纳米颗粒。结构和形态研究表明，由于较高的表面能，晶体颗粒沿 c 轴即 [0001] 方向生长。由于反应在绿色溶剂聚乙二醇 (PEG) 400 中在有氧条件下顺利进行，因此本工作中使用的催化协议为现有方法提供了一种高效且经济的替代方案。该反应具有广泛的底物范围，导致所需产物的产率极好。催化剂回收部分在初期很棘手；然而，成功引入了一种替代途径来回收前者并将其重新用于下一个催化反应循环，并具有出色的催化活性保持性。使用回收的催化剂观察到的高催化效率而没有显着的活性损失主要是由于在多次催化反应后保留了 ZnO 纳米颗粒的形态和晶体结构。图形摘要