In many mammalian species, the production of new neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus continues throughout life. Previous studies using rodents suggest that adult-born neurons are involved in memory and cognition tasks and mood regulation. Interferon-alpha (IFNα), a proinflammatory cytokine used for the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis and malignancies, frequently causes depressive symptoms in patients and animals, including non-human primates. We have previously demonstrated that chronic IFNα treatment decreases hippocampal neurogenesis in mice. Here, we investigated the effects of four-week human pegylated IFNα treatment on hippocampal neurogenesis and behavior in common marmosets. Continuous monitoring of voluntary activity levels using an actigraphy device suggested that adaptive ability is impaired in IFNα-treated animals. Analyses of BrdU-labeled cells expressing a marker for immature or mature neurons revealed a significant reduction in the number of new neurons in the hippocampus of IFNα-treated animals. These data indicate that chronic human IFNα treatment causes behavioral changes and a decrease in hippocampal neurogenesis in common marmosets.

中文翻译：

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干扰素-α对普通hip猴海马神经发生和行为的影响。

在许多哺乳动物物种中，海马齿状回中不断产生新的神经元。先前使用啮齿动物的研究表明，成年出生的神经元参与记忆和认知任务以及情绪调节。干扰素-α（IFNα）是一种用于治疗慢性病毒性肝炎和恶性肿瘤的促炎细胞因子，通常会在患者和动物（包括非人类灵长类动物）中引起抑郁症状。先前我们已经证明，慢性IFNα治疗会降低小鼠海马神经发生。在这里，我们调查了四周人类聚乙二醇化IFNα治疗对普通mar猴海马神经发生和行为的影响。使用活动记录仪对自愿活动水平的连续监测表明，在接受IFNα治疗的动物中，适应能力受到损害。对表达未成熟或成熟神经元标记的BrdU标记细胞进行的分析表明，用IFNα处理的动物海马中新神经元的数量显着减少。这些数据表明，慢性人IFNα治疗可导致普通mar猴的行为改变和海马神经发生减少。