The rapid and dramatic increase in confirmed cases of COVID-19 has led to a global pandemic. Early detection and containment are currently the most effective methods for controlling the outbreak. A positive diagnosis is determined by laboratory real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing, but the use of chest computed tomography (CT) has also been indicated as an important tool for detection and management of the disease. Numerous studies reviewed in this paper largely concur in their findings that the early hallmarks of COVID-19 infection are ground-glass opacities (GGOs), often with a bilateral and peripheral lung distribution. In addition, most studies demonstrated similar CT findings related to the progression of the disease, starting with GGOs in early disease, followed by the development of crazy paving in middle stages and finally increasing consolidation in the later stages of the disease. Studies have reported a low rate of misdiagnosis by chest CT, as well as a high rate of misdiagnosis by the rRT-PCR tests. Specifically, chest CT provides more accurate results in the early stages of COVID-19, when it is critical to begin treatment as well as isolate the patient to avoid the spread of the virus. While rRT-PCR will probably remain the definitive final test for COVID-19, until it is more readily available and can consistently provide higher sensitivity, the use of chest CT for early stage detection has proven valuable in avoiding misdiagnosis as well as monitoring the progression of the disease. With the understanding of the role of chest CT, researchers are beginning to apply deep learning and other algorithms to differentiate between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 CT scans, determine the severity of the disease to guide the course of treatment, and investigate numerous additional COVID-19 applications.

Impact statement

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been worldwide, and clinicians and researchers around the world have been working to develop effective and efficient methods for early detection as well as monitoring of the disease progression. This minireview compiles the various agency and expert recommendations, along with results from studies published in numerous countries, in an effort to facilitate the research in imaging technology development to benefit the detection and monitoring of COVID-19. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review paper on the topic, and it provides a brief, yet comprehensive analysis.

中文翻译：

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胸部计算机断层扫描在 COVID-19 管理中的作用：结果和建议回顾。

COVID-19 确诊病例的迅速急剧增加已导致全球大流行。早期发现和遏制是目前控制疫情最有效的方法。阳性诊断是通过实验室实时逆转录聚合酶链反应 (rRT-PCR) 检测确定的，但胸部计算机断层扫描 (CT) 的使用也被认为是检测和管理该疾病的重要工具。本文回顾的许多研究在很大程度上同意他们的发现，即 COVID-19 感染的早期特征是磨玻璃样混浊 (GGO)，通常分布在双侧和周围肺部。此外，大多数研究显示了与疾病进展相关的类似CT表现，从疾病早期的GGO开始，随后在中期发展为疯狂铺路，最后在疾病后期增加实变。研究报告称，胸部 CT 误诊率较低，而 rRT-PCR 检测误诊率较高。具体而言，胸部 CT 在 COVID-19 的早期阶段提供更准确的结果，此时开始治疗并隔离患者以避免病毒传播至关重要。虽然 rRT-PCR 可能仍然是 COVID-19 的最终最终检测方法，但在它变得更容易获得并且能够持续提供更高的灵敏度之前，使用胸部 CT 进行早期检测已被证明对于避免误诊以及监测进展具有重要意义的疾病。 随着对胸部 CT 作用的了解，研究人员开始应用深度学习和其他算法来区分 COVID-19 和非 COVID-19 CT 扫描，确定疾病的严重程度以指导治疗过程，并调查许多其他的 COVID-19 应用程序。

 影响报告

COVID-19 大流行的影响遍及全球，世界各地的临床医生和研究人员一直在努力开发有效且高效的方法来早期检测和监测疾病进展。该小型审查汇集了各个机构和专家的建议，以及许多国家发表的研究结果，旨在促进成像技术开发研究，以利于 COVID-19 的检测和监测。据我们所知，这是关于该主题的第一篇评论论文，它提供了简短而全面的分析。