To ensure that users of online services understand what data are collected and how they are used in algorithmic decision-making, the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) specifies informed consent as a minimal requirement. For online news outlets consent is commonly elicited through interface design elements in the form of a pop-up. We have manually analyzed 300 data collection consent notices from news outlets that are built to ensure compliance with GDPR. The analysis uncovered a variety of strategies or dark patterns that circumvent the intent of GDPR by design. We further study the presence and variety of these dark patterns in these "cookie consents" and use our observations to specify the concept of dark pattern in the context of consent elicitation.

中文翻译：

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规避设计——在线新闻媒体同意 cookie 中的黑暗模式

为确保在线服务的用户了解收集了哪些数据以及如何在算法决策中使用这些数据，欧盟的通用数据保护条例 (GDPR) 将知情同意指定为最低要求。对于在线新闻媒体来说，同意通常​​是通过弹出窗口形式的界面设计元素来获得的。我们手动分析了来自新闻媒体的 300 份数据收集同意通知，这些通知旨在确保遵守 GDPR。分析发现了各种通过设计规避 GDPR 意图的策略或黑暗模式。我们进一步研究了这些“cookie 同意”中这些暗模式的存在和多样性，并使用我们的观察来指定同意引发上下文中暗模式的概念。