The intestinal epithelium is one of the most quickly dividing tissues in our body, combining the absorptive advantages of a single layer with the protection of a constantly renewing barrier. It is continuously exposed to nutrients and commensal bacteria as well as microbial and host-derived metabolites, but also to hazards such as pathogenic bacteria and toxins. These environmental cues are sensed by the mucosa and a vast repertory of immune cells, especially macrophages. A disruption of intestinal homeostasis in terms of barrier interruption can lead to inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer, and macrophages have an important role in restoring epithelial function following injury. The mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway senses environmental cues and integrates metabolic responses. It has emerged as an important regulator of intestinal functions in homeostasis and disease. In this review, we are going to discuss intestinal mTOR signalling and metabolic regulation in different intestinal cell populations with a special focus on immune cells and their actions on intestinal function.

中文翻译：

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mTOR 对肠细胞功能的代谢和免疫控制。

肠上皮是我们体内分裂最快的组织之一，结合了单层的吸收优势和不断更新的屏障的保护。它不断暴露于营养物质和共生细菌以及微生物和宿主衍生的代谢物，但也暴露于致病菌和毒素等危害。这些环境线索被粘膜和大量免疫细胞（尤其是巨噬细胞）感知。在屏障中断方面肠道稳态的破坏可导致炎症性肠病和结直肠癌，巨噬细胞在损伤后恢复上皮功能方面具有重要作用。雷帕霉素 (mTOR) 信号通路的哺乳动物/机制靶点可感知环境信号并整合代谢反应。它已成为体内平衡和疾病中肠道功能的重要调节剂。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论不同肠道细胞群中的肠道 mTOR 信号和代谢调节，特别关注免疫细胞及其对肠道功能的作用。