Our understanding of gut functioning and pathophysiology has grown considerably in the past decades, and advancing technologies enable us to deepen this understanding. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has opened a new realm of cellular diversity and transcriptional variation in the human gut at a high, single-cell resolution. ScRNA-seq has pushed the science of the digestive system forward by characterizing the function of distinct cell types within complex intestinal cellular environments, by illuminating the heterogeneity within specific cell populations and by identifying novel cell types in the human gut that could contribute to a variety of intestinal diseases. In this review, we highlight recent discoveries made with scRNA-seq that significantly advance our understanding of the human gut both in health and across the spectrum of gut diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal carcinoma and celiac disease.

中文翻译：

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以单细胞分辨率了解人类肠道疾病。


在过去的几十年里，我们对肠道功能和病理生理学的理解有了很大的发展，先进的技术使我们能够加深这种理解。单细胞 RNA 测序 (scRNA-seq) 以高单细胞分辨率开启了人类肠道细胞多样性和转录变异的新领域。 ScRNA-seq 通过表征复杂肠道细胞环境中不同细胞类型的功能、阐明特定细胞群内的异质性以及识别人类肠道中可能有助于多种疾病的新细胞类型，推动了消化系统科学的发展。肠道疾病。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了 scRNA-seq 的最新发现，这些发现显着增进了我们对人类肠道健康和各种肠道疾病（包括炎症性肠病、结直肠癌和乳糜泻）的了解。