Researchers have increasingly begun to use consumer wearables or wrist-worn smartwatches and fitness monitors for measurement of cardiovascular psychophysiological processes related to mental and physical health outcomes. These devices have strong appeal because they allow for continuous, scalable, unobtrusive, and ecologically valid data collection of cardiac activity in “big data” studies. However, replicability and reproducibility may be hampered moving forward due to the lack of standardization of data collection and processing procedures, and inconsistent reporting of technological factors (e.g., device type, firmware versions, and sampling rate), biobehavioral variables (e.g., body mass index, wrist dominance and circumference), and participant demographic characteristics, such as skin tone, that may influence heart rate measurement. These limitations introduce unnecessary noise into measurement, which can cloud interpretation and generalizability of findings. This paper provides a brief overview of research using commercial wearable devices to measure heart rate, reviews literature on device accuracy, and outlines the challenges that non-standardized reporting pose for the field. We also discuss study design, technological, biobehavioral, and demographic factors that can impact the accuracy of the passive sensing of heart rate measurements, and provide guidelines and corresponding checklist handouts for future study data collection and design, data cleaning and processing, analysis, and reporting that may help ameliorate some of these barriers and inconsistencies in the literature.

研究人员越来越多地开始使用消费者可穿戴设备或腕戴式智能手表和健身监视器来测量与身心健康结果相关的心血管心理生理过程。这些设备具有很强的吸引力，因为它们允许在“大数据”研究中连续、可扩展、不引人注目且生态有效的心脏活动数据收集。然而，由于数据收集和处理程序缺乏标准化，以及技术因素（例如设备类型、固件版本和采样率）、生物行为变量（例如体重）的报告不一致，可复制性和再现性可能会受到阻碍。指数、手腕优势和周长）以及可能影响心率测量的参与者人口统计特征（例如肤色）。这些限制在测量中引入了不必要的噪音，这可能会影响研究结果的解释和普遍性。本文简要概述了使用商业可穿戴设备测量心率的研究，回顾了有关设备准确性的文献，并概述了非标准化报告对该领域带来的挑战。我们还讨论了可能影响心率测量被动传感准确性的研究设计、技术、生物行为和人口统计因素，并为未来的研究数据收集和设计、数据清理和处理、分析和提供指南和相应的清单讲义。可能有助于改善文献中的一些障碍和不一致的报告。