Field analyzers for the measurement of lead in drinking water samples are gaining interest from states, water utilities and building managers as rapid, inexpensive and simple tools to quantify lead concentrations. This literature review compares data quality by field analyzers to established laboratory methods and provides practical information (e.g. costs, ease-of-use) on commercial lead analyzers that are based on: (1) Electrochemistry, (2) Colorimetry and (3) Fluorescence. Between and within these three general field analyzer categories, manufacturers specify a variety of protocols to prepare the samples, which differ from the standard acidification in laboratory methods. Review of the literature raised concerns that without adequate sample preparation, field analyzers may not always fully quantify the total lead concentration, including particulate lead, thereby resulting in underestimations. Nonetheless, field analyzers have been used to quickly obtain experimental results in the laboratory, or in the field when access to laboratory equipment was limited, expensive or otherwise impractical. Field analyzers were also successfully used to detect lead from service lines, by a water utility where lead was mostly in the dissolved form. Overall, intrinsic strengths and weaknesses of field analyzers are discussed, to better balance practical convenience and adequate data quality depending on the objective.

州，自来水公司和建筑管理人员越来越喜欢将用于测量饮用水样品中铅含量的现场分析仪作为快速，廉价且简单的量化铅浓度的工具。这篇文献综述将现场分析仪的数据质量与已建立的实验室方法进行了比较，并提供了基于以下方面的商用铅分析仪的实用信息（例如成本，易用性）：( 1）电化学，（2）比色法和（3）荧光。在这三种通用现场分析仪类别之间和之内，制造商指定了各种制备样品的方案，这不同于实验室方法中的标准酸化方法。文献回顾引起了人们的关注，即如果没有足够的样品准备，现场分析仪可能无法始终完全量化总铅浓度，包括微粒铅，从而导致低估。但是，现场分析仪已被用于在实验室中快速获得实验结果，或者在无法使用实验室设备，价格昂贵或不切实际的情况下，可以在现场进行分析。现场分析仪还被水务公司成功地用于检测服务管线中的铅，铅主要以溶解形式存在。总体而言，讨论了现场分析仪的内在优势和劣势，以便根据目标更好地平衡实用性和适当的数据质量。现场分析仪还被水务公司成功地用于检测服务线中的铅，铅主要以溶解形式存在。总体而言，讨论了现场分析仪的内在优势和劣势，以便根据目标更好地平衡实用性和适当的数据质量。现场分析仪还被水务公司成功地用于检测服务管线中的铅，铅主要以溶解形式存在。总体上，讨论了现场分析仪的内在优势和劣势，以便根据目标更好地平衡实际的便利性和足够的数据质量。