Botanical insecticides that degrade rapidly are safer than persistent synthetic chemical insecticides, less harmful to the environment, decrease production costs and are not likely to cause insecticide resistance among pests. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of five different botanical extracts on the bean aphid, Aphis craccivora and the 2^nd larval instar of the green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea under laboratory conditions. Also, the flavonoids in the methanolic extracts of these tested plants were detected using HPLC analysis. The data from the HPLC analysis indicated that the tested plants differed in their flavonoid components. The total flavonoids were 869.4, 1125.6, 721.4, 1667.8 and 2025.9 mg/kg in Psiadia penninervia, Salvia officinalis, Ochradenus baccatus, Pulicaria crispa and Euryops arabicus, respectively. Moreover, there were many variations among these plants in the amount of each compound. The lethal concentration (LC₅₀) value of P. penninervia extract on aphids was the lowest among all of the plants (128.546 µg/mL) followed by O. baccatus (626.461 µg/mL). Also, the LC₅₀ value of P. penninervia extract on the 2nd larval instar of C. carnea (232.095 µg/mL) was significantly lower than those of all other four plant species extracts, while the other four plants did not show significant differences among them according to relative median potency analyses. Accordingly, O. baccatus extract had a strong effect on aphids and was safest for the predator. This finding suggests that O. baccatus could be exploited and further developed as an effective plant extract-based insecticide to be utilized in integrated pest management (IPM) programs against A. craccivora.

中文翻译：

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在实验室条件下评价五种药用植物提取物对蚜虫（半翅目：蚜虫）及其捕食者角叉菜（Crysoperla carnea）（夜蛾：Chrysopidae）的影响。

快速降解的植物性杀虫剂比持久性合成化学杀虫剂更安全，对环境的危害更小，降低了生产成本，并且不太可能在害虫中引起抗药性。这项研究旨在评估五种不同的植物提取物在实验室条件下对豆蚜蚜虫（Aphis craccivora）和绿色草wing（Chrysoperla carnea）^第二幼虫龄的影响。同样，使用HPLC分析检测这些被测植物的甲醇提取物中的类黄酮。HPLC分析的数据表明，被测植物的类黄酮成分不同。黄酮类化合物的总含量为869.4、1125.6、721.4、1667.8和2025.9 mg / kg分别为Psiadia penninervia，Salvia officinalis，Ochradenus baccatus，crisaria crispa和Euryops arabicus。此外，这些植物之间的每种化合物的量存在许多差异。在所有植物中，P。penninervia提取物的致死浓度（LC ₅₀）值最低，为所有植物中的最低值（128.546μg/ mL），其次是baccotus baccatus（626.461μg/ mL）。此外，在C. carnea的第二个幼虫期中，P。penninervia提取物的LC ₅₀值（232.095 µg / mL）显着低于所有其他四种植物提取物，而根据相对中位效价分析，其他四种植物之间没有显示出显着差异。因此，O.baccatus提取物对蚜虫有很强的作用，对捕食者最安全。该发现表明，可以将芽孢杆菌作为一种有效的基于植物提取物的杀虫剂进行开发和进一步开发，以用于针对Craccivora的病虫害综合治理（IPM）计划中。