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Transcriptomic analysis of the bagworm moth silk gland reveals a number of silk genes conserved within Lepidoptera
Insect Science ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 , DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12846 Takuya Tsubota 1 , Taiyo Yoshioka 2 , Akiya Jouraku 3 , Takao K Suzuki 1 , Naoyuki Yonemura 1 , Kenji Yukuhiro 2 , Tsunenori Kameda 2 , Hideki Sezutsu 1
Insect Science ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 , DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12846 Takuya Tsubota 1 , Taiyo Yoshioka 2 , Akiya Jouraku 3 , Takao K Suzuki 1 , Naoyuki Yonemura 1 , Kenji Yukuhiro 2 , Tsunenori Kameda 2 , Hideki Sezutsu 1
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Lepidopteran insects produce cocoons with unique properties. The cocoons are made of silk produced in the larval tissue silk gland and our understanding of the silk genes is still very limited. Here, we investigated silk genes in the bagworm moth Eumeta variegata, a species that has recently been found to produce extraordinarily strong and tough silk. Using short-read transcriptomic analysis, we identified a partial sequence of the fibroin heavy chain gene and its product was found to have a C-terminal structure that is conserved within nonsaturniid species. This is in accordance with the presence of fibroin light chain/fibrohexamerin genes and it is suggested that the bagworm moth is producing silk composed of fibroin ternary complex. This indicates that the fibroin structure has been evolutionarily conserved longer than previously thought. Other than fibroins we identified candidates for sericin genes, expressed strongly in the middle region of the silk gland and encoding serine-rich proteins, and other silk genes, that are structurally conserved with other lepidopteran homologues. The bagworm moth is thus considered to be producing conventional lepidopteran type of silk. We further found a number of genes expressed in a specific region of the silk gland and some genes showed conserved expression with Bombyx mori counterparts. This is the first study allowing comprehensive silk gene identification and expression analysis in the lepidopteran Psychidae family and should contribute to the understanding of silk gene evolution as well as to the development of novel types of silk.
中文翻译：
袋虫蛾丝腺的转录组学分析揭示了鳞翅目中保守的许多丝基因
鳞翅目昆虫产生具有独特特性的茧。茧是由幼虫组织丝腺中产生的丝制成的，我们对丝基因的了解仍然非常有限。在这里，我们研究了袋螟蛾 Eumeta variegata 的丝基因，该物种最近被发现能产生异常坚固和坚韧的丝。使用短读转录组学分析，我们确定了丝心蛋白重链基因的部分序列，并且发现其产物具有在 nonsaturniid 物种中保守的 C 端结构。这与丝心蛋白轻链/纤维六聚体蛋白的存在一致基因，并表明袋螟蛾正在产生由丝素三元复合物组成的丝。这表明丝心蛋白结构在进化上的保守性比以前认为的要长。除了丝心蛋白之外，我们还鉴定了丝胶基因的候选物，在丝腺的中间区域强烈表达并编码富含丝氨酸的蛋白质，以及与其他鳞翅目同系物在结构上保守的其他丝基因。因此，袋螟蛾被认为生产传统的鳞翅目类型的丝。我们进一步发现了一些在丝腺特定区域表达的基因，一些基因在家蚕中表现出保守表达。同行。这是第一项允许在鳞翅目 Psychidae 家族中进行全面丝基因鉴定和表达分析的研究，应该有助于了解丝基因进化以及开发新型丝。
更新日期：2020-06-26
中文翻译：
袋虫蛾丝腺的转录组学分析揭示了鳞翅目中保守的许多丝基因
鳞翅目昆虫产生具有独特特性的茧。茧是由幼虫组织丝腺中产生的丝制成的，我们对丝基因的了解仍然非常有限。在这里，我们研究了袋螟蛾 Eumeta variegata 的丝基因，该物种最近被发现能产生异常坚固和坚韧的丝。使用短读转录组学分析，我们确定了丝心蛋白重链基因的部分序列，并且发现其产物具有在 nonsaturniid 物种中保守的 C 端结构。这与丝心蛋白轻链/纤维六聚体蛋白的存在一致基因，并表明袋螟蛾正在产生由丝素三元复合物组成的丝。这表明丝心蛋白结构在进化上的保守性比以前认为的要长。除了丝心蛋白之外，我们还鉴定了丝胶基因的候选物，在丝腺的中间区域强烈表达并编码富含丝氨酸的蛋白质，以及与其他鳞翅目同系物在结构上保守的其他丝基因。因此，袋螟蛾被认为生产传统的鳞翅目类型的丝。我们进一步发现了一些在丝腺特定区域表达的基因，一些基因在家蚕中表现出保守表达。同行。这是第一项允许在鳞翅目 Psychidae 家族中进行全面丝基因鉴定和表达分析的研究，应该有助于了解丝基因进化以及开发新型丝。
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