Plastome phylogenomics and phylogenetic diversity of endangered and threatened grassland species (Poaceae) in a North American tallgrass prairie.,Ecology and Evolution

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Plastome phylogenomics and phylogenetic diversity of endangered and threatened grassland species (Poaceae) in a North American tallgrass prairie.
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6484
Phyllis H Pischl ₁ , Sean V Burke ₂ , Elizabeth M Bach ₃ , Melvin R Duvall ₁

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Native grasslands are one of the most endangered ecosystems in North America. In this study, we examined the ecological and evolutionary roles of endangered and threatened (e/t) grasses by establishing robust evolutionary relationships with other nonthreatened native and introduced grass species of the community. We hypothesized that the phylogenomic distribution of e/t species of grasses in Illinois would be phylogenetically clustered because closely related species would be vulnerable to the same threats and have similar requirements for survival. This study presents the first time a phylogeny based on complete plastome DNA of Poaceae was analyzed by phylogenetic diversity analysis. To avoid the disturbance of e/t populations, DNA was extracted from herbarium specimens. Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) techniques were used to sequence DNA of plastid genomes (plastomes). The resulting phylogenomic tree was analyzed by phylogenetic diversity metrics. The extracted DNA successfully produced complete plastomes demonstrating that herbarium material is a practical source of DNA for genomic studies. The phylogenomic tree was strongly supported and defined Dichanthelium as a separate clade from Panicum . The phylogenetic metrics revealed phylogenetic clustering of e/t species, confirming our hypothesis.

中文翻译：

北美高草草原濒危和受威胁草原物种（禾本科）的质体系统发育和系统发育多样性。

原生草原是北美最濒危的生态系统之一。在这项研究中，我们通过与群落中其他未受威胁的本地和引进草种建立强有力的进化关系，研究了濒危和受威胁（e/t）草的生态和进化作用。我们假设伊利诺伊州 e/t 草种的系统发育分布将在系统发育上聚类，因为密切相关的物种容易受到相同的威胁并且具有相似的生存要求。本研究首次通过系统发育多样性分析对基于禾本科完整质体DNA的系统发育进行了分析。为了避免对 e/t 种群的干扰，从植物标本中提取了 DNA。新一代测序 (NGS) 技术用于对质体基因组（质体）的 DNA 进行测序。通过系统发育多样性指标分析所得的系统发育树。提取的 DNA 成功产生了完整的质体，证明植物标本室材料是基因组研究 DNA 的实用来源。系统发育树得到了强有力的支持，并将双囊藻定义为与黍属不同的一个分支。系统发育指标揭示了 e/t 物种的系统发育聚类，证实了我们的假设。

更新日期：2020-07-30

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