Abstract In this work, an electrochemical immunosensor to determine patulin mycotoxin in apple juice is developed. It consists of a glassy carbon electrode modified with a dispersion of graphene oxide and polyclonal anti-patulin antibodies bound to their oxygenated groups. Patulin determination was performed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The calibration curve is linear for a concentration range from 1 × 10−2 to 10 ng mL−1. The limit of detection and the concentration of patulin to obtain 50% inhibition (IC50) were 9.8 pg mL−1 and 360 pg mL−1, respectively. In addition, an acceptable accuracy, with a percentage coefficient of variation (%CV) close to 20%, and recovery percentage (%R) of 86% were found. The electrochemical immunosensor has the advantage of allowing the determination of patulin without any pre-treatment of the samples. The results obtained from the electroanalytical technique were compared with those obtained by HPLC.

中文翻译：

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使用氧化石墨烯修饰的玻璃碳电极测定苹果汁中展青霉素的阻抗免疫传感器

摘要 在这项工作中，开发了一种用于测定苹果汁中展青霉素霉菌毒素的电化学免疫传感器。它由一个用氧化石墨烯分散体修饰的玻璃碳电极和与其氧化基团结合的多克隆抗展青霉素抗体组成。展青霉素测定通过电化学阻抗谱进行。校准曲线在 1 × 10-2 至 10 ng mL-1 的浓度范围内呈线性。检测限和获得 50% 抑制的展青霉素浓度 (IC50) 分别为 9.8 pg mL-1 和 360 pg mL-1。此外，还发现了可接受的准确度，变异百分比系数 (%CV) 接近 20%，回收率 (%R) 为 86%。电化学免疫传感器的优点是无需对样品进行任何预处理即可测定展青霉素。