Introduction

During aging, individuals can be classified as being in one of 3 different states: robust, frail or dependent. Frailty is described as reversible, so early detection offers the potential of returning the subject to a robust status. There are multiple clinical frailty scales but no gold standard and frailty is not systematically assessed in clinicians' daily practice. Reliable biomarkers of frailty are lacking, however, while their identification and systematic use would make this simple scale a useful clinical tool.

Objective

To conduct a review of the literature concerning the biomarkers associated with frailty and to compare in a meta-analysis the plasmatic values of each biomarker in the frail with the robust group.

Results

503 articles were identified on PubMed, 467 on Scopus and 369 on Web Of Science. 67 articles were included, collecting a total of 32,934 robust subjects and 6864 frail subjects. C-reactive protein (CRP) (Standardized Mean Difference (SMD): 0.49 CI 95% [0.37–0.61]) was significantly higher in the frail group whereas hemoglobin (SMD: −0.67[−0.90; −0.44]), albumin (SMD: −0.62[−0.84; −0.41]), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) (SMD: −0.43 [−0.64; −0.21]) and, in men, free testosterone (SMD: −0.77 [−1.05; −0.49]) were significantly lower in the frail group.

Conclusion

We found 5 biomarkers that were associated with frailty (CRP, hemoglobin, albumin, 25OHD and free testosterone in men) belonging to multiple physiological systems. Further cohort studies are needed to verify their ability to screen for frailty.

中文翻译：

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表征身体虚弱的循环生物标志物：CRP，血红蛋白，白蛋白，25OHD和游离睾丸激素是最好的生物标志物。荟萃分析的结果。

介绍

在衰老过程中，个人可以分为三种不同的状态之一：健壮，脆弱或依赖。脆弱被描述为可逆的，因此早期发现提供了使受试者恢复健康状态的潜力。临床上有多种脆弱性量表，但没有金标准，而且临床医生的日常实践也没有系统地评估脆弱性。然而，缺乏可靠的脆弱生物标志物，尽管它们的鉴定和系统使用将使这一简单的量表成为有用的临床工具。

目的

对与脆弱相关的生物标志物的文献进行综述，并在荟萃分析中将脆弱中每种生物标志物的血浆值与健壮组进行比较。

结果

在PubMed上发现了503篇文章，在Scopus上发现了467篇文章，在Web Of Science上发现了36​​9篇文章。其中包括67篇文章，共收集了32,934篇健壮主题和6864篇虚弱主题。脆弱组的C反应蛋白（CRP）（标准均值（SMD）：0.49 CI 95％[0.37-0.61]）显着高于血红蛋白（SMD：-0.67 [-0.90; -0.44]），白蛋白（ SMD：-0.62 [-0.84； -0.41]），25-羟基维生素D（25OHD）（SMD：-0.43 [-0.64； -0.21]），男性则为游离睾丸激素（SMD：-0.77 [-1.05；- 0.49]）在体弱组中显着降低。

结论

我们发现了5个与体弱相关的生物标志物（男性中的CRP，血红蛋白，白蛋白，25OHD和游离睾丸激素），属于多个生理系统。需要进一步的队列研究以验证其筛查虚弱的能力。