Abstract Currently, the clinical application of hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings are limited due to the lack of anti-infection, osteoinductivity and poor mechanical properties. In the present study, the strontium-containing hydroxyapatite (SrHA)/graphene oxide (GO)/vancomycin (Va) nanocomposite coating with drug delivery and antibacterial activity was fabricated by electrochemical deposition (ECD) on titanium substrate. The results showed that by inducing a large number of crystal nucleation points, the oxygen-containing groups on the two-dimensional surface of GO induced the formation of extremely fine SrHA/Va/GO composite coatings. Furthermore, the functional coating exhibited a moderately nanostructured surface with average values of roughness and contact angle of 31.9° and 126 nm, respectively, which provided a suitable contact surface for osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, compared with HA coatings without GO, the hardness and elastic modulus of SrHA/Va/GO composite coatings were enhanced by 67.6 % and 121 %, respectively. The release process of Va from the SrHA/Va/GO coating showed a phased release law, which broke out within the first 5 h and then slowly and controlledly released within 14 h, which is due to the physical and chemical adsorption of Va. The inhibition zone and colony count experiments showed that the SrHA/Va/GO coating revealed satisfactory inhibitory effects on S. aureus and S. epidermidis, and the inhibition could last for 3 days. Compared with pure titanium, SrHA/Va/GO composite coating can significantly promote the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. In conclusion, SrHA/Va/GO exhibited good mechanical properties, excellent osteoinductivity and antibacterial properties, confirming its potential as a new surface modification material for the prevention and treatment of infectious bone defects.

中文翻译：

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新型三元万古霉素/锶掺杂羟基磷灰石/氧化石墨烯生物活性复合涂层电沉积在钛基底上，用于骨科应用

摘要 目前，羟基磷灰石（HA）涂层由于缺乏抗感染性、骨诱导性和力学性能差等问题，限制了其临床应用。在本研究中，通过电化学沉积（ECD）在钛基底上制备了具有药物递送和抗菌活性的含锶羟基磷灰石（SrHA）/氧化石墨烯（GO）/万古霉素（Va）纳米复合涂层。结果表明，通过诱导大量晶核点，GO二维表面的含氧基团诱导形成极细的SrHA/Va/GO复合涂层。此外，功能涂层表现出中等纳米结构的表面，粗糙度和接触角的平均值分别为 31.9° 和 126 nm，为成骨细胞增殖和分化提供了合适的接触面。此外，与不含GO的HA涂层相比，SrHA/Va/GO复合涂层的硬度和弹性模量分别提高了67.6%和121%。Va 从 SrHA/Va/GO 涂层中的释放过程呈现出阶段性释放规律，在最初的 5 h 内爆发，然后在 14 h 内缓慢可控地释放，这是由于 Va 的物理和化学吸附。抑菌圈和菌落计数实验表明，SrHA/Va/GO涂层对金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌具有满意的抑制作用，抑制作用可持续3天。与纯钛相比，SrHA/Va/GO复合涂层可显着促进MC3T3-E1细胞的粘附、增殖和分化。综上所述，