Meat reduction, vegetarianism, and veganism have greatly increased in popularity during the 21st century, particularly in the United Kingdom. Yet, little is known about the process of reducing or abstaining. Through the use of focus groups and a longitudinal, web-based survey delivered over a twelve-month period, this project provides insights into the reported dietary habits and trends of participants in UK-based meat reduction and vegan campaigns (n = 1539). Drawing on Michie, Atkins, et al. (2014) and Michie, West, et al. (2014)'s Behavior Change Wheel to better understand the process of dietary transition, findings reveal key opportunities for policymakers and non-profit organizations to better understand and support the process of dietary change. Reported planned dietary changes suggest a tendency for gradual transitions, with planned and achieved transitions generally reflecting proposed reduction and abstention hierarchies. Planned reductions were most likely to include red meat and least likely to include seafood or eggs, while seafood abstention was more common than that of dairy or eggs. Those seeking to abstain from the consumption of some or all animal-derived foods were the most likely to report meeting their anticipated dietary changes, while meat reducers were generally unlikely to indicate that they were achieving planned reductions.

中文翻译：

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英国减少肉类和素食运动参与者的饮食行为——纵向、混合方法研究

在 21 世纪，特别是在英国，减少肉类、素食主义和纯素食主义的流行程度大大提高。然而，人们对减少或弃权的过程知之甚少。通过使用焦点小组和为期 12 个月的纵向网络调查，该项目深入了解了英国减少肉类和纯素食运动（n = 1539）参与者报告的饮食习惯和趋势。借鉴 Michie、Atkins 等人。(2014) 和 Michie、West 等人。(2014) 的 Behavior Change Wheel 以更好地了解饮食转变过程，调查结果揭示了决策者和非营利组织更好地了解和支持饮食转变过程的关键机会。报告的计划饮食变化表明有逐渐过渡的趋势，计划和实现的过渡通常反映了提议的减少和弃权等级。计划中的减少最有可能包括红肉，最不可能包括海鲜或鸡蛋，而海鲜戒酒比奶制品或鸡蛋更常见。那些试图不食用部分或全部动物源性食品的人最有可能报告满足他们预期的饮食变化，而减少肉类的人通常不太可能表示他们正在实现计划的减少。