Afghanistan is a tectonically complex zone developed as a result of the collision between the Eurasian plate and the Indian plate to the southeast and the Arabian plate to the south. The active tectonics of the country is distinguished by a wide zone of crustal deformation. There is no large-scale active fault map in Afghanistan, which is essential for seismic hazard mitigation. I, therefore, mapped active and presumed active faults mainly based on interpretation of 1-arcsecond SRTM anaglyph images and shaded relief map. The map reveals that there are significant active faults across the country. In consideration based on the available data and geomorphic criteria, 22 faults are considered seismically active. The result from the mapping represents that three dominant types of structures (left-lateral strike-slip, right-lateral strike-slip, and thrust faults) characterized the interior of Afghanistan. Then the active fault map was combined with earthquake catalog data to interpret the seismic hazard and define earthquake sources based on focal mechanisms and distribution of earthquakes. To contribute to the understanding of seismic hazard, the paper outlines regions with similar neotectonic constraints and observations of type and age of faults that generate background seismicity. I delineated four seismic source zones: (1) east-northeastern, (2) Afghanistan-North Pamir, (3) Northern Afghanistan platform, and (4) middle and southwestern Afghanistan. The east-northeastern seismic zone is the most seismically active and has more crustal earthquakes in the country. This zone is cut by large active and potentially active faults, and Chaman fault is the most significant left-lateral fault that produced five historical surface ruptures.

阿富汗是一个构造复杂的区域，其发展是东南欧亚板块与印度板块之间以及南部的阿拉伯板块之间发生碰撞所致。该国活跃的构造以广泛的地壳变形区为特征。阿富汗没有大规模的活动断层图，这对于减轻地震危险至关重要。因此，我主要根据1秒SRTM立体图像和阴影起伏图的解释来绘制活动断层和假定的活动断层。该地图显示全国各地都有大量活动断层。考虑到基于可用数据和地貌标准，有22个断层被认为具有地震活动性。映射的结果表示结构的三种主要类型（左侧走滑，右侧走滑，和逆冲断层）是阿富汗内部的特征。然后，将活动断层图与地震目录数据相结合，以解释地震危险，并根据震源机制和地震分布确定地震源。为了有助于理解地震危险，本文概述了具有类似新构造约束的区域，并观察了产生背景地震活动性的断层类型和年代。我划定了四个地震震源区：（1）东北东北部（2）阿富汗-北帕米尔（3）阿富汗北部平台，以及（4）阿富汗中部和西南部。东北部地震带是地震活动最活跃的地区，在该国发生的地壳地震更多。该区域被大型活动和潜在活动断层切断，