Achillea species (Asteraceae) are important medicinal foods widely used as traditional medicine, herbal tea, and food additives. In the present study, the chemical composition, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and enzyme inhibitory activities (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, cholinesterase, and tyrosinase) of the essential oils (EOs) and ethanolic (EtOH) extracts from flowers and leaves of Achillea filipendulina were investigated. The EOs were characterized by the presence of 35 and 38 volatile constituents, representing 98.88% and 97.26% of the flowers and leaves oils, respectively. Chrysanthenyl acetate (19.11% and 16.26%), 1,8-cineole (17.18% and 12.01%), borneol (9.70% and 7.66%), and α-pinene (9.60% and 8.77%) were identified as the major compounds. Phenolics profiling showed 11 phenolic acid and flavonoids are presented in this herb flower and leaves EtOH extracts of which chlorogenic acid (214.95 and 154.54 mg/100 g extract), cinnamic acid (116.67 and 90.41 mg/100 g extract), and apigenin (204.89 and 228.28 mg/100 g extract) were the major ingredients. Moreover, the extracts contained significant amounts of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and saponin compounds. All samples showed moderate to high inhibitory effects against key enzyme linked to Alzheimer’s and diabetes diseases. Furthermore, the extracts exhibited promising antityrosinase activity. Evaluation of antiproliferative activity exerted that flower of the plant had the highest effect on MCF-7 and Hep-G2 cell lines, while the plant essential oil didn’t have significant effect. Overall, our findings indicated that A. filipendulina has great potential for designing novel industrial formulations including pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals.

中文翻译：

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深入研究菲律宾chill虫的植物化学成分，抗氧化活性，酶抑制和抗增殖特性：设计具有生物活性的食品的理想选择

chill属（菊科）是重要的药用食品，被广泛用作传统药物，凉茶和食品添加剂。在本研究中，从A草的花和叶中提取精油（EOs）和乙醇（EtOH）提取物的化学成分，抗氧化剂，细胞毒性和酶抑制活性（α-淀粉酶，α-葡萄糖苷酶，胆碱酯酶和酪氨酸酶）菲氏菌被调查了。EO的特征是存在35种和38种挥发性成分，分别占花朵和叶子油中的98.88％和97.26％。主要化合物有乙酸Chrysanthenylacetate（19.11％和16.26％），1,8-桉树脑（17.18％和12.01％），冰片（9.70％和7.66％）和α-pine烯（9.60％和8.77％）。酚类成分分析显示，该草药花和叶中存在11种酚酸和类黄酮，其中EtOH提取物为绿原酸（214.95和154.54 mg / 100 g提取物），肉桂酸（116.67和90.41 mg / 100 g提取物）和芹菜素（204.89）和228.28 mg / 100 g提取物）是主要成分。此外，提取物中含有大量的总酚，类黄酮，单宁和皂苷化合物。所有样品均显示出对与阿尔茨海默氏病和糖尿病相关的关键酶的中度至高度抑制作用。此外，提取物表现出有希望的抗酪氨酸酶活性。抗增殖活性的评估表明，该植物的花对MCF-7和Hep-G2细胞系的影响最大，而植物精油的影响不明显。总体而言，我们的发现表明Filipendulina在设计包括药物和药妆品在内的新型工业配方方面具有巨大潜力。