Having safe drinking water is a fundamental human right, which affects directly the human health. In view of this, an effort has been made for understanding the spatial distribution of quality of groundwater in a rural dry climatic region of Andhra Pradesh, South India, and associated health risks with respect to pollutants of NO₃⁻ and F⁻, which cause the potential production of non-carcinogenic risk, using entropy-weighted water quality index (EWWQI) and total chronic hazard index (TCHI), where the population rely on the groundwater resource for drinking purpose. Groundwater quality observed from the present study region has an alkaline character with brackish type. The concentrations of K⁺, HCO₃⁻, TDS, Na⁺, NO₃⁻, F⁻, Mg²⁺ and Cl⁻ come under the non-permissible limits in 100%, 100%, 96.67%, 90%, 73.33%, 46.67%, 13.33% and 6.67% of the groundwater samples, which deteriorate the groundwater quality, causing the health disorders. The overall groundwater quality computed, using EWWQI, ranges from 53.64 to 216.59 (122.22), which classifies the region spatially into 55%, 10% and 35% due to influences of the geogenic and anthropogenic pollutants, which are the respective medium, poor and very poor groundwater quality types prescribed for potable water. According to the TCHI evaluated with respect to pollutants of NO₃⁻ and F⁻, the values of TCHI for men (1.194 to 4030), women (1.411 to 4.763) and children (1.614 to 5.449) are more than its acceptable limit of one. So, the health risk of non-carcinogenic is spatially in the decreasing order of children > women > men, depending upon their sensitiveness to pollutants and also their body weights. Further, the spatial distributions of both TCH1 and EWWQI are more or less similar, following the pollution activities, which help for establishment of the fact to recognize the intensity of various vulnerable zones. Therefore, the present study suggests the suitable environmental safety measures to control the NO₃⁻- and F⁻-contaminated drinking water and subsequently to increase the health conditions.

拥有安全的饮用水是一项基本人权，直接影响人类健康。鉴于这一点，已经努力理解地下水质量的空间分布在安得拉邦，印度南部的乡村干燥气候区，以及相关的对于NO的污染物健康危害₃ ^-和F ^- ，其原因使用熵加权的水质指数（EWWQI）和总慢性危害指数（TCHI）来估计潜在的非致癌风险，在这种情况下，人们依赖于地下水来饮用。从本研究区域观察到的地下水水质呈碱性，呈微咸型。K的浓度⁺，HCO ₃ ^-，TDS，钠⁺，NO ₃ ^-，F ^- ，镁²⁺和Cl ^-来下100％，100％，96.67％，90％，73.33％，46.67％，13.33％和地下水样品的6.67％的非允许限度，这会恶化地下水质量，导致健康问题。使用EWWQI计算的总体地下水水质范围为53.64至216.59（122.22），由于受地质和人为污染物的影响，该区域在空间上分为55％，10％和35％，分别是中等，较差和较弱。饮用水规定的地下水质量非常差的类型。根据TCHI相对于NO的污染物评价₃ ^-和F ^-，男性（1.194至4030），女性（1.411至4.763）和儿童（1.614至5.449）的TCHI值超过其可接受的限制1。因此，非致癌物的健康风险在空间上按儿童>妇女>男性的降序排列，这取决于儿童对污染物的敏感性以及体重。此外，随着污染活动的发生，TCH1和EWWQI的空间分布或多或少相似，这有助于建立认识各种脆弱区域强度的事实。因此，目前的研究表明适当的环境安全的措施，以控制NO ₃ ^- -和F ^- -contaminated饮用水和随后增加的健康状况。