ABSTRACT

In this paper, NaHCO₃/kaolin composite powder explosion suppressor was prepared by antisolvent-dissolution method. The effect of NaHCO₃/kaolin composite powder explosion suppressor on aluminum powder explosion was studied by Hartmann tube and 20 L spherical explosion tank. The propagation suppression experiment shows that as the content of the NaHCO₃/kaolin composite powder inhibitor increases, the explosion flame propagation length and speed gradually decrease. When 50% (by mass) NaHCO₃/kaolin composite powder inhibitor is added, the flame propagation of aluminum powder is suppressed. The experiment of suppressing the explosion of aluminum powder with a composite powder suppressant was carried out in a 20 L spherical explosion tank. The results show that the addition of 75% (by mass) NaHCO₃/kaolin composite powder suppressant can achieve complete explosion suppression of aluminum powder. By comparing NaHCO₃ powder, kaolin powder and composite powder detonator, the composite powder detonator has a better effect on suppressing the flame propagation and explosion pressure of aluminum powder than the monomer powder does. The mechanism of the explosion suppression of aluminum powder by the NaHCO₃/kaolin composite powder inhibitor was analyzed.

摘要

本文采用反溶剂-溶解法制备了NaHCO _{3 /高岭土复合粉末抑爆剂。}采用哈特曼管和20L球形爆炸罐研究了NaHCO _{3 /高岭土复合粉末抑爆剂对铝粉爆炸的影响。}传播抑制实验表明，随着NaHCO ₃ /高岭土复合粉末抑制剂含量的增加，爆炸火焰传播长度和传播速度逐渐减小。当 50%（按质量计）NaHCO ₃/高岭土复合粉末抑制剂，铝粉的火焰传播受到抑制。在20L球形爆炸罐中进行复合粉末抑制剂抑制铝粉爆炸的实验。结果表明，添加75%（按质量计）的NaHCO ₃ /高岭土复合粉末抑制剂可以实现对铝粉的完全抑爆。通过比较NaHCO ₃粉末、高岭土粉末和复合粉末雷管，复合粉末雷管对铝粉末的火焰传播和爆炸压力的抑制效果优于单体粉末。_{分析了NaHCO 3} /高岭土复合粉末抑制剂抑制铝粉爆炸的机理。