Emotion regulation is critical for optimal functioning across a wide range of domains and may be even more important for individuals in high‐risk environments. While evidence suggests that childhood is generally a period of emotion regulation growth and development, research is needed to examine factors that may contribute to deviations from a typical trajectory. In a prospective study of 1,905 children, latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was used to identify trajectory groups of emotion regulation across toddlerhood (age 14–36 months), examine predictors of those trajectory groups from child temperament, parenting behaviors, and environmental risk, and explore predictions of resilience in 5th grade from the identified groups. LGCA supported a three‐class model, with a Stable Incline group, a Decline group, and a Catch‐Up group. Child negative emotionality, positive and negative parenting, and environmental risk predicted group membership. These trajectory groups in toddlerhood were predictive of child resilient functioning in the 5th grade. Our findings highlight the importance of utilizing developmental models of emotion regulation and provide implications for prevention and early intervention services to enhance emotion regulation development in early childhood.

中文翻译：

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幼儿期情绪调节的发展模式：检查变化和长期复原力的预测因素


情绪调节对于各个领域的最佳功能至关重要，对于高风险环境中的个人来说可能更为重要。虽然有证据表明童年通常是情绪调节成长和发展的时期，但仍需要研究来检查可能导致偏离典型轨迹的因素。在一项针对 1,905 名儿童的前瞻性研究中，使用潜在类别成长分析 (LCGA) 来识别整个幼儿期（14-36 个月）情绪调节的轨迹组，并根据儿童气质、养育行为和环境风险检查这些轨迹组的预测因素，并探索对已确定群体的五年级复原力的预测。 LGCA 支持三级模型，即稳定上升组、下降组和追赶组。儿童的消极情绪、积极和消极的养育方式以及环境风险预测了群体成员身份。幼儿时期的这些轨迹组可以预测五年级儿童的弹性功能。我们的研究结果强调了利用情绪调节发展模型的重要性，并为预防和早期干预服务提供了启示，以增强儿童早期情绪调节的发展。