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Embryogenesis plasticity and the transmission of maternal effects in Daphnia pulex.
Evolution and Development ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 , DOI: 10.1111/ede.12346 Megan S R Hasoon 1, 2 , Stewart J Plaistow 1
Evolution and Development ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 , DOI: 10.1111/ede.12346 Megan S R Hasoon 1, 2 , Stewart J Plaistow 1
Affiliation
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Understanding how genetic, nongenetic, and environmental cues are integrated during development may be critical in understanding if, and how, organisms will respond to rapid environmental change. Normally, only post‐embryonic studies are possible. But in this study, we developed a real‐time, high‐throughput confocal microscope assay that allowed us to link Daphnia embryogenesis to offspring life history variation at the individual level. Our assay identified eight clear developmental phenotypes linked by seven developmental stages, the duration of which were correlated with the expression of specific offspring life history traits. Daphnia embryogenesis varied not only between clones reared in the same environment, but also within a single clone when mothers were of different ages or reared in different food environments. Our results support the hypothesis that Daphnia embryogenesis is plastic and can be altered by changes in maternal state or maternal environment. As well as furthering our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning parental effects, our assay may also have an industrial application if it can be used as a rapid ecotoxicological prescreen for testing the effect that pollutant doses have on offspring life histories traditionally assayed with a 21‐day Daphnia reproduction test.
中文翻译：
水蚤的胚发生可塑性和母体效应的传递。
了解生物在发育过程中如何整合遗传，非遗传和环境线索对于理解生物是否以及如何应对快速的环境变化可能至关重要。通常，只能进行胚胎后研究。但是在这项研究中，我们开发了实时，高通量共聚焦显微镜分析法，使我们能够将水蚤的胚胎发生与个体水平的后代生活史变化联系起来。我们的测定法确定了由七个发育阶段关联的八个清晰的发育表型，其持续时间与特定后代生命史特征的表达相关。水蚤胚胎发生不仅在相同环境中饲养的克隆之间有所不同，而且在母亲年龄不同或在不同食物环境中饲养的单个克隆中也不同。我们的结果支持以下假设：水蚤的胚胎发生是可塑性的，并且可以通过母体状态或母体环境的变化来改变。除了进一步了解父母效应的机理外，如果我们的测定可以用作快速生态毒理学预筛来测试污染物剂量对传统上21天测定的后代生命史的影响，那么它也可以在工业上应用水蚤繁殖测试。
更新日期：2020-06-24
中文翻译：
水蚤的胚发生可塑性和母体效应的传递。
了解生物在发育过程中如何整合遗传，非遗传和环境线索对于理解生物是否以及如何应对快速的环境变化可能至关重要。通常，只能进行胚胎后研究。但是在这项研究中，我们开发了实时，高通量共聚焦显微镜分析法，使我们能够将水蚤的胚胎发生与个体水平的后代生活史变化联系起来。我们的测定法确定了由七个发育阶段关联的八个清晰的发育表型，其持续时间与特定后代生命史特征的表达相关。水蚤胚胎发生不仅在相同环境中饲养的克隆之间有所不同，而且在母亲年龄不同或在不同食物环境中饲养的单个克隆中也不同。我们的结果支持以下假设：水蚤的胚胎发生是可塑性的，并且可以通过母体状态或母体环境的变化来改变。除了进一步了解父母效应的机理外，如果我们的测定可以用作快速生态毒理学预筛来测试污染物剂量对传统上21天测定的后代生命史的影响，那么它也可以在工业上应用水蚤繁殖测试。
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