This study verified the formation profile of esters of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPDE), 2-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (2-MCPDE), and glycidol (GE), and evaluated the physicochemical changes (free-fatty acid, acylglycerols, and colour) that occurred during the deodorization of palm oil in different conditions of time (30, 60, 90, and 120 min) and temperature (210, 230, 250, and 270 °C). Levels of 3-MCPD and 2-MCPD esters ranged from 1.91 to 2.70 mg/kg and 0.68 to 1.44 mg/kg, respectively, and were formed at the mildest tested condition (210 °C, 30 min). No correlation was observed between these contaminants and physicochemical changes. GE levels varied from 0.12 to 8.51 mg/kg and showed correlation with color and diacylglycerol content. While the temperature had little influence on the formation of esters of 3-MCPD and 2-MCPD, the content of GE considerably raised above 250 °C.

中文翻译：

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脱臭温度和时间对棕榈油3-MCPD、2-MCPD和缩水甘油酯形成及理化变化的影响

本研究验证了 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPDE)、2-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (2-MCPDE) 和缩水甘油 (GE) 酯的形成概况，并评估了物理化学变化（游离脂肪酸、酰基甘油和色素）在不同时间（30、60、90 和 120 分钟）和温度（210、230、250 和 270 °C）条件下棕榈油除臭过程中发生的。3-MCPD 和 2-MCPD 酯的含量分别为 1.91 至 2.70 mg/kg 和 0.68 至 1.44 mg/kg，并且在最温和的测试条件（210 °C，30 分钟）下形成。在这些污染物和物理化学变化之间没有观察到相关性。GE 水平从 0.12 到 8.51 mg/kg 不等，并显示出与颜色和二酰基甘油含量的相关性。虽然温度对 3-MCPD 和 2-MCPD 酯的形成影响不大，