Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a condition of neonatal chronic lung disease due to disruption or dysregulation of pulmonary development. However, the pathophysiology of BPD in the larger conducting airways is not yet fully understood. The objective of our study was to determine if the area of the central airways are altered in patients with a history of BPD. We hypothesized that compared to age- and sex-matched controls, BPD patients would have decreased area of the central conducting airways. Twenty-two BPD patients (n = 10 male, n = 12 female; median age = 10 [range:1–49] yrs) and n = 22 matched controls (n = 10 male, n = 12 female; median age = 10 [range:1–48] yrs) who had undergone a chest computed tomography (CT) scan were retrospectively identified. Measurement and analysis was performed using software that reconstructs the airways into 3D. Measurements of airway area were conducted at three points based on anatomic bifurcations for each of the following structures: trachea, left main bronchus, left upper lobe, left lower lobe, right main bronchus, intermediate bronchus, and right upper lobe. The luminal area for each airway was calculated based on the averages of the three measures. Airway luminal area was not different between BPD patients and matched controls for any of the measured airways (p > 0.05). Total lung volume detected in the CT scans was not different between BPD patients and matched controls (median [range]; 2775 [522–6215] vs 2969 [851–5612] cm³, p > 0.05). Our results suggest the luminal areas of the large conducting airways in patients with BPD are not different from matched controls.

支气管肺发育不良 (BPD) 是一种由于肺部发育中断或失调引起的新生儿慢性肺部疾病。然而，尚未完全了解较大传导气道中 BPD 的病理生理学。我们研究的目的是确定有 BPD 病史的患者的中央气道面积是否发生了改变。我们假设与年龄和性别匹配的对照相比，BPD 患者的中央传导气道面积会减少。22 名 BPD 患者（n = 10 名男性，n = 12 名女性；中位年龄 = 10 [范围：1-49] 岁）和 n = 22 名匹配对照（n = 10 名男性，n = 12 名女性；中位年龄 = 10 [范围：1-48] 岁) 接受过胸部计算机断层扫描 (CT) 扫描的患者被回顾性地确定。使用将气道重建为 3D 的软件进行测量和分析。气道面积的测量基于以下每个结构的解剖分叉在三个点进行：气管、左主支气管、左上叶、左下叶、右主支气管、中间支气管和右上叶。基于三个测量值的平均值计算每个气道的管腔面积。对于任何测量的气道，BPD 患者和匹配对照之间的气道管腔面积没有差异（p > 0.05）。CT 扫描中检测到的肺总量在 BPD 患者和匹配的对照组之间没有差异（中位数 [范围]；2775 [522-6215] 对 2969 [851-5612] cm 气管、左主支气管、左上叶、左下叶、右主支气管、中间支气管和右上叶。基于三个测量值的平均值计算每个气道的管腔面积。对于任何测量的气道，BPD 患者和匹配对照之间的气道管腔面积没有差异（p > 0.05）。CT 扫描中检测到的肺总量在 BPD 患者和匹配的对照组之间没有差异（中位数 [范围]；2775 [522-6215] 对 2969 [851-5612] cm 气管、左主支气管、左上叶、左下叶、右主支气管、中间支气管和右上叶。基于三个测量值的平均值计算每个气道的管腔面积。对于任何测量的气道，BPD 患者和匹配对照之间的气道管腔面积没有差异（p > 0.05）。CT 扫描中检测到的肺总量在 BPD 患者和匹配的对照组之间没有差异（中位数 [范围]；2775 [522-6215] 对 2969 [851-5612] cm³，p > 0.05）。我们的结果表明 BPD 患者的大传导气道的管腔区域与匹配的对照组没有区别。