Background

Individual responses to the effects of inadequate sleep have been well documented; some people are more vulnerable to the effects of sleep loss than others. Fatigue-vulnerable individuals generally require access to effective fatigue countermeasures; however, the question arises as to whether these fatigue-vulnerable individuals receive the same benefits shown in group efficacy data. The present study administered modafinil to individuals to determine its differential effects on performance of best and worst performers during sleep deprivation.

Methods

A sample of 22 men, age 21–40 yrs., was tested on 2 separate occasions during which they were kept awake for 36 h. During one period they received 200 mg modafinil; during the other they received placebo. Participants were tested on a variety of tasks while rested and at 5-hr intervals across the continuous wakefulness period. Performance for each cognitive task and subjective measure of fatigue from the placebo period was used to group individuals into high (HP) or low performance (LP) groups to indicate fatigue vulnerability for each task.

Results

Results indicated that on the MTS task, the HP group performed the same throughout the testing period, regardless of whether they received modafinil or not. However, the LP group significantly improved after receiving modafinil compared to placebo. Performance on the PVT showed the HP group had a small decrease in the number of lapses after receiving modafinil compared to placebo, whereas the LP group had a large decrease in lapses after receiving modafinil compared to placebo. Performance on the RDM showed no difference between groups, regardless of drug condition. Groups did not differ after receiving modafinil on subjective fatigue measured by the POMS.

Conclusions

Depending on the task, HP individuals did not benefit substantially when administered modafinil compared to placebo. However, the LP individuals improved after receiving modafinil compared to placebo.

中文翻译：

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在整个睡眠剥夺期间，莫达非尼对低表现和高表现个体表现的差异作用。

背景

充分记录了对睡眠不足的个体反应；有些人比其他人更容易遭受睡眠不足的影响。易受疲劳困扰的人通常需要采取有效的抗疲劳措施；然而，关于这些易受疲劳的个体是否获得了团体功效数据中所示的相同益处的问题就出现了。本研究对个体服用莫达非尼，以确定其对睡眠剥夺期间表现最佳和表现最差者的不同影响。

方法

在2个不同的情况下分别对22名年龄在21-40岁之间的男性进行了测试，将其保持清醒状态36小时。在一个时期内，他们接受了200毫克莫达非尼；在其他期间，他们接受了安慰剂。在连续的觉醒期间，以5小时为间隔，在休息状态下以各种任务对参与者进行测试。安慰剂治疗期间每个认知任务的表现和疲劳的主观衡量指标被用于将个人分为高（HP）或低表现（LP）组，以表明每个任务的疲劳脆弱性。

结果

结果表明，在MTS任务上，无论是否接受莫达非尼，HP组在整个测试期间均执行相同的操作。但是，与安慰剂相比，LP组在接受莫达非尼后显着改善。PVT表现显示，与安慰剂相比，HP组接受莫达非尼后的失误次数减少幅度较小，而LP组与接受安慰剂相比，莫达非尼后的失误次数减少幅度较大。不论药物状况如何，RDM的表现均显示两组之间无差异。接受莫达非尼治疗后通过POMS测量的主观疲劳组无差异。

结论

根据任务的不同，与安慰剂相比，使用莫达非尼治疗时，HP个体没有实质性的获益。但是，与安慰剂相比，接受莫达非尼后的LP个体有所改善。