Understanding development of the dendritic cell (DC) subtypes continues to evolve. The origin and relationship of conventional DC type 1 (cDC1), cDC type 2 (cDC2) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) to each other, and in relation to classic myeloid and lymphoid cells, has had a long and controversial history and is still not fully resolved. This review summarises the technological developments and findings that have been achieved at a clonal level, and how that has enhanced our knowledge of the process. It summarises the single cell lineage tracing technologies that have emerged, their application in in vitro and in vivo studies, in both mouse and human settings, and places the findings in a wider context of understanding haematopoiesis at a single cell or clonal level. In particular, it addresses the fate heterogeneity observed in many phenotypically defined progenitor subsets and how these findings have led to a departure from the classic ball-and-stick models of haematopoiesis to the emerging continuous model. Prior contradictions in DC development may be reconciled if they are framed within this revised model, where commitment to a lineage or cell type does not occur in an all-or-nothing process in defined progenitors but rather can occur at many stages of haematopoiesis in a dynamic process.

对树突状细胞（DC）亚型的发展的理解仍在继续。常规DC 1型（cDC1），cDC 2型（cDC2）和浆细胞样DC（pDC）的起源和相互之间的关系，以及与经典髓样和淋巴样细胞的关系，历史悠久且仍存在争议完全解决。这篇综述总结了在克隆水平上已经取得的技术发展和发现，以及如何增强了我们对该过程的了解。它总结了已经出现的单细胞谱系追踪技术，及其在体外和体内的应用在小鼠和人类环境下进行的研究，并将这些发现放在单个细胞或克隆水平上更广泛地了解造血作用。特别是，它解决了许多表型定义祖亚群中观察到的命运异质性，这些发现是如何导致从经典出发球和棒造血的模式，以新兴的连续模型。如果在此修订的模型中对DC发育中的先前矛盾进行了调和，则在这些矛盾中，对血统或细胞类型的承诺不会在既定祖细胞的全有或全无过程中发生，而可能在造血的许多阶段发生。动态过程。