Here, we present a metric and morphological study of the molar remains from the Montmaurin-La Niche mandible by means of microcomputed tomography. According to the last analysis, based on the combination of geomorphological and paleontological data, the level bearing this human mandible probably corresponds to the marine isotope stages (MIS) 7. These data place the Montmaurin-La Niche in a chronologically intermediate position between the Neanderthals and the Middle Pleistocene fossils (e.g., Sima de los Huesos, la Caune de l’Arago). A recent study has revealed that while the mandible is more closely related to the Early and Middle Pleistocene African and Eurasian populations, the morphology of the outer enamel surfaces of its molars is typical of the Neanderthal linage. The data presented here are in line with this finding because the morphology of the enamel-dentine junction of the molars is similar to that of Neanderthals, whereas the absolute and relative enamel thickness values (2D and 3D) are closer to those exhibited by some Early Pleistocene hominins. Moreover, the pulp cavity morphology and proportions are in concordance with the Neanderthal populations. Our results strengthen the hypothesis that the settlement of Europe could be the result of several migrations, at different times, originated from a common source population. Thus, the variability in the European Middle Pleistocene populations (e.g., Montmaurin, Sima de los Huesos, Arago, Mala Balanica) could indicate different migrations at different times and/or population fragmentation, without excluding the possible hybridization between residents and new settlers.

在这里，我们通过微计算机断层扫描技术对蒙毛林-拉尼奇下颌骨的磨牙残留物进行度量和形态学研究。根据最后的分析，基于地貌和古生物学数据的组合，该人类下颌骨的水平可能对应于海洋同位素阶段（MIS）7。这些数据将Montmaurin-La Niche放置在尼安德特人之间的时间顺序上的中间位置和中更新世化石（例如Sima de los Huesos，La Caune de l'Arago）。最近的一项研究表明，尽管下颌骨与早，中更新世的非洲人和欧亚大陆的人群关系更为密切，但其臼齿的珐琅质外表面形态却是尼安德特人的线性习惯。此处提供的数据与该发现相符，因为磨牙的牙釉质-牙本质交界处的形态与尼安德特人相似，而牙釉质的绝对和相对厚度值（2D和3D）更接近某些早期的牙釉质。更新世的人类素。此外，牙髓腔的形态和比例与尼安德特人的种群一致。我们的结果强化了这样的假设，即欧洲定居可能是在不同时间源自共同来源人口的几次移民的结果。因此，欧洲中更新世种群（例如，蒙毛林，西马·德·洛斯·韦索斯，阿拉戈，马拉马拉尼卡）的变异性可能表明不同时期的迁徙不同和/或种群破碎，