Codonopsis pilosula is an edible traditional Chinese medicine and has good immunomodulatory activities. Oligosaccharides were the important components of C. pilosula. This study focused on the extraction, separation, structural analysis and immunomodulatory activity of the oligosaccharides from C. pilosula (CPO). The yield of CPO was 14.3% and the sugar content was 92.7%. Structural analysis revealed that the monosaccharide composition of CPO was fructose and glucose and its average degree of polymerization (DP) was 2 (DP = 1–7). Moreover, CPO could promote the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells, enhance phagocytosis capability and increase the secretion of TNF-α, NO and IL-6 by triggering the MAPKs signaling pathway. These results showed that CPO was an important immunomodulatory component of C. pilosula and would be a potential immunopotentiator in functional foods and pharmaceuticals.

党参党参是一种可食用的中药，具有良好的免疫调节活性。寡糖是毛梭菌的重要成分。这项研究的重点是从毛毛衣藻中提取，分离，结构分析和免疫调节活性（CPO）。CPO的产率为14.3％，糖含量为92.7％。结构分析表明，CPO的单糖成分为果糖和葡萄糖，其平均聚合度（DP）为2（DP = 1-7）。此外，CPO可以通过触发MAPKs信号通路来促进RAW264.7细胞的增殖，增强吞噬能力并增加TNF-α，NO和IL-6的分泌。这些结果表明，CPO是毛状线虫的重要免疫调节成分，并且在功能性食品和药品中可能是潜在的免疫增强剂。