Trillium govanianum ethnobotanical perspectives include the treatment of cancer, hypertension, neurasthenia, giddiness, arthritis, dysentery, and inflammation. As its industrial demand for steroidal content is increasing, the endemic species have been subjected to severe habitat degradation and fragmentation by the illicit trade in Indian Himalayan Region (IHR). Additionally, molecular genetics efforts in T. govanianum has also lagged, mainly because of the non-availability of genome-wide molecular marker resources. Apropos, using tissue-specific transcriptomic data derived from the rhizome, stem, leaf, and fruit, the present study identified 5337 novel functionally relevant genome-wide SSR markers. The tri repeats were most abundant (41%) with a higher occurrence of CCG/CGG repeat motif, mostly located in the CDS region. Based on functional annotations of SSR transcripts with multifarious public databases (NR, TAIR, KEGG, KOG, SwissProt & PTFdb), a set of 288 SSR markers encompassing important roles in steroidal saponins pathway, cellular and metabolic processes such as response to stress, binding, and catalytic activity were validated, successfully. Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of 290 genotypes of 14 geographically distinct populations representing eight different valleys (2086−3500 m amsl) of the IHR amplified an average of 4.33 alleles per locus. Overall, a low genetic diversity (He: 0.25), high genetic divergence (G_ST: 0.23), high within populations molecular variance (72 %), limited gene flow (0.792), and slight positive isolation by distance (R_xy = 0.260; p = 0.030) is recorded in T. govanianum populations. Further, neighbor-joining (NJ) based hierarchical clustering, PCoA, and Bayesian structure clustering identified two major groups in the tested populations. Novel microsatellite marker resources and population diversity inferences studied for the first time revealed that there is a need to recuperate diversity in situ and maintain effective population size, a much-required step to mitigate high anthropogenic pressure on T. govanianum in Indian Himalayan Region.

延龄草的人体植物学观点包括癌症，高血压，神经衰弱，头晕，关节炎，痢疾和炎症的治疗。随着其对甾体含量的工业需求的增加，印度喜马拉雅地区（IHR）的非法贸易使该特有物种遭受了严重的栖息地退化和破坏。此外，戈氏锥虫的分子遗传学研究由于全基因组范围内的分子标记资源不可用，该基因也有所滞后。Apropos利用从根茎，茎，叶和果实衍生的组织特异性转录组数据，鉴定了5337种与功能相关的新型全基因组SSR标记。这三个重复序列最丰富（41％），出现的CCG / CGG重复基序更高，主要位于CDS区。基于具有众多公共数据库（NR，TAIR，KEGG，KOG，SwissProt和PTFdb）的SSR转录物的功能注释，一组288个SSR标记物在类固醇皂苷途径，细胞和代谢过程（如对压力，结合的响应）中起着重要作用，并成功地验证了催化活性。IHR的八个不同山谷（2086-3500 m amsl）的14个地理上不同的种群的290个基因型的遗传多样性和种群结构分析，每个位点平均扩增了4.33个等位基因。总体而言，遗传多样性低（He：0.25），遗传多样性高（G_ST：0.23），群内的高分子方差（72％），有限的基因流（0.792），和轻微正由隔离距离（R _XY = 0.260; P = 0.030）记录在T. govanianum种群。此外，基于邻居加入（NJ）的层次聚类，PCoA和贝叶斯结构聚类确定了测试人群中的两个主要群体。首次研究的新型微卫星标记资源和种群多样性推断表明，有必要在原地恢复多样性并保持有效种群规模，这是缓解印度喜马拉雅地区人头草的高人为压力所迫切需要的步骤。