Abstract A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the variability in log KOC point-data (n = 612) and in the organic-carbon (OC) normalized Freundlich isotherm parameters (i.e., nf, Kf,OC; n = 86) of penconazole, a polar systemic triazole fungicide, in soils and biosolids-amended soils. Log KOC was not constant and varied from 2.15 to 4.24. Five existing log KOC models were tested against experimental log Kd, and they produced biased prediction with moderate to low accuracy (RMSE = 0.60 to 1.14). nf ranged from 0.38 to 1.02, with over 75% of nf S = 10 3.26 f OC f OC + f clay 1.21 C 0.81 (r2 = 0.89, RMSE = 0.26, n = 557) where fOC/(fOC + fclay) represents the relative availability of OC sorption sites. Log Kf,OC also varied considerably (i.e., 2.61–5.69) and was found to linearly correlate with nf: nf = –0.194log Kf,OC + 1.517 (r2 = 0.87). The observed sorption nonlinearity implies that assessment of subsurface mobility and ecotoxicological risk of soil penconazole is variable and site/soil-specific. The findings here challenge the conventional view of log KOC constancy currently prevailing in existing risk assessment practices and in major predictive sorption models of organic chemicals in natural geosorbents. The extent to which log Kf,OC variability is a prevailing feature in other organic contaminants is unclear, and further investigations seem warranted.

中文翻译：

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戊唑醇对土壤吸附的荟萃分析——模拟 KOC 和非线性等温线参数的变异性

摘要 进行了荟萃分析以检查戊康唑的 log KOC 点数据 (n = 612) 和有机碳 (OC) 归一化 Freundlich 等温线参数（即 nf、Kf、OC；n = 86）的变异性。 ，一种极性内吸性三唑类杀菌剂，在土壤和生物固体改良的土壤中。Log KOC 不是恒定的，从 2.15 到 4.24 不等。五个现有的 log KOC 模型针对实验 log Kd 进行了测试，它们产生了具有中低准确度（RMSE = 0.60 到 1.14）的有偏预测。nf 范围从 0.38 到 1.02，超过 75% 的 nf S = 10 3.26 f OC f OC + f 粘土 1.21 C 0.81 (r2 = 0.89, RMSE = 0.26, n = 557) 其中 fOC/(fOC + fclay) 代表OC 吸附位点的相对可用性。Log Kf,OC 也有很大差异（即 2.61–5.69），并发现与 nf 线性相关：nf = –0.194log Kf,OC + 1.517 (r2 = 0.87)。观察到的吸附非线性意味着对土壤戊唑醇的地下流动性和生态毒理学风险的评估是可变的，并且是特定于地点/土壤的。这里的发现挑战了目前在现有风险评估实践和天然地质吸附剂中有机化学品的主要预测吸附模型中普遍存在的对数 KOC 恒定性的传统观点。log Kf,OC 变异性是其他有机污染物的主要特征的程度尚不清楚，似乎有必要进行进一步的调查。这里的发现挑战了目前在现有风险评估实践和天然地质吸附剂中有机化学品的主要预测吸附模型中普遍存在的对数 KOC 恒定性的传统观点。log Kf,OC 变异性是其他有机污染物的主要特征的程度尚不清楚，似乎有必要进行进一步的调查。这里的发现挑战了目前在现有风险评估实践和天然地质吸附剂中有机化学品的主要预测吸附模型中普遍存在的对数 KOC 恒定性的传统观点。log Kf,OC 变异性是其他有机污染物的主要特征的程度尚不清楚，似乎有必要进行进一步的调查。