Technologic advancements in the field of therapeutic endoscopy have led to the development of minimally invasive techniques to create GI anastomosis without requiring surgery. Examples of the potential clinical applications include bypassing malignant and benign gastric outlet obstruction, providing access to the pancreatobiliary tree in those who have undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, and relieving pancreatobiliary symptoms in afferent loop syndrome. Endoscopic GI anastomosis is less invasive and less expensive than surgical approaches, result in improved outcomes, and therefore are more appealing to patients and providers. The aim of this review is to present the evolution of luminal endoscopic gastroenteric and enteroenteric anastomosis dating back to the first compression devices and to describe the clinical techniques being used today, such as magnets, natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery, and EUS-guided techniques. Through continued innovation, endoscopic interventions will rise to the forefront of the therapeutic arsenal available for patients requiring GI anastomosis.

治疗性内窥镜领域的技术进步已导致微创技术的发展，无需手术即可产生胃肠道吻合。潜在的临床应用实例包括绕过恶性和良性胃出口梗阻，为经过Roux-en-Y胃旁路手术的患者提供进入胰胆管树的通道以及缓解传入环路综合征中的胰胆管症状。内窥镜胃肠道吻合术比外科手术方法具有更低的侵入性和更低廉的价格，可提高治疗效果，因此对患者和提供者更具吸引力。这篇综述的目的是介绍腔内窥镜肠胃和肠肠吻合术的发展，可以追溯到第一个加压装置，并描述当今使用的临床技术，例如磁铁，自然孔腔内镜手术和EUS引导技术。通过不断的创新，内窥镜干预将上升到需要胃肠道吻合的患者可使用的治疗武库的前沿。