Abstract In this work, a new membrane fabrication strategy is proposed to overcome the challenges of conventional nanofillers deposition and to develop novel thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane with enhanced performance for reverse osmosis (RO) application. Using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as adhesive for the hydrophilic graphene oxide (GO), TFN membranes with two different GO/PVA orientations (atop polyamide (PA) or between PA and substrate) at varying GO loading (0–0.02 wt/v%) were fabricated and characterized to evaluate their effects on membrane physicochemical properties and performances. Evidently, the membrane pure water flux (PWF) is significantly enhanced upon the incorporation of GO/PVA layer regardless of the orientations. Compared to the membrane without GO incorporation, the PWF of the membrane with GO/PVA atop PA layer and GO/PVA sandwiched between PA and substrate at optimum GO loading (0.015 wt/v%) was improved by 50.94% and 91.93%, respectively, mainly attributed to the improved surface hydrophilicity and altered structural properties. Besides exhibiting comparable separation efficiency (~98% NaCl rejection), the membrane with GO/PVA atop PA layer also showed better antifouling property (100% flux recovery, 5-h filtration using 1000 mg/L organic solutions) than the self-synthesized TFC and commercial RO membranes with negligible nanofillers leaching.

中文翻译：

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GO/PVA 集成 TFN RO 膜：探索 PA 和 GO/PVA 之间方向切换的影响并评估 GO 负载影响

摘要 在这项工作中，提出了一种新的膜制造策略，以克服传统纳米填料沉积的挑战，并开发具有增强反渗透 (RO) 应用性能的新型薄膜纳米复合 (TFN) 膜。使用聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 作为亲水性氧化石墨烯 (GO) 的粘合剂，在不同的 GO 负载量 (0-0.02 wt/v%) 下，具有两种不同 GO/PVA 取向的 TFN 膜（在聚酰胺 (PA) 上或 PA 与基材之间） ) 被制造和表征以评估它们对膜理化性质和性能的影响。显然，无论取向如何，在加入 GO/PVA 层后，膜纯水通量 (PWF) 都会显着提高。与未掺入 GO 的膜相比，在最佳 GO 负载量 (0.015 wt/v%) 下，GO/PVA 位于 PA 层顶部且 GO/PVA 夹在 PA 和基材之间的膜的 PWF 分别提高了 50.94% 和 91.93%，主要归因于表面亲水性的提高和改变的结构特性。除了表现出相当的分离效率（约 98% NaCl 截留率），在 PA 层顶部带有 GO/PVA 的膜还表现出比自合成膜更好的防污性能（100% 通量回收，使用 1000 mg/L 有机溶液过滤 5 小时） TFC 和商用 RO 膜的纳米填料浸出可忽略不计。