The response of the North Pacific storm track to the mesoscale sea surface temperature (SST) in winter is investigated via a global high-resolution atmospheric model. A simulation forced by eddy-resolving SST is compared with a simulation in which the mesoscale SST is filtered out. The results show that removing the mesoscale SST could greatly influence the storm track in the free atmosphere, with a significant decrease of approximately 20% in the local region and a southward shift downstream over the eastern North Pacific. Compared with those in previous studies, the responses of the storm track seem to be independent from models. The underlying mechanism is that changes in the boundary layer induced by mesoscale SST lead to convergence at the surface through pressure adjustment, forcing a secondary circulation along Kuroshio and Oyashio confluence region (KOCR). Then the winter mean vertical eddy fluxes are greatly suppressed over KOCR after removing the mesoscale SST, transporting less heat and moisture into the free atmosphere. Furthermore, the response of baroclinicity and baroclinic energy conversion was investigated, which bears much resemblance with the changes of storm track, indicating the important role on the response of storm track to mesoscale SST.

通过全球高分辨率大气模型研究了北太平洋风暴路径对冬季中尺度海表温度（SST）的响应。将涡旋分解SST强制进行的模拟与其中中尺度SST被滤除的模拟进行比较。结果表明，中尺度海表温度的去除会极大地影响自由大气中的风暴轨迹，局部区域的暴风径显着减少约20％，北太平洋东部下游向南移动。与以前的研究相比，风暴轨迹的响应似乎与模型无关。潜在的机理是中尺度SST引起的边界层变化会通过压力调节在表面收敛，迫使黑潮和大潮合流地区（KOCR）发生二次循环。然后，在去除中尺度海表温度后，冬季平均垂直涡通量在KOCR上得到了极大的抑制，从而将较少的热量和水分输送到自由大气中。此外，还研究了斜压和斜压能量转换的响应，这与风暴路径的变化非常相似，表明风暴路径对中尺度海表温度的响应具有重要作用。