The number of non-native freshwater fishes in the Iberian Peninsula has been greatly increasing. In this study, individuals of the genus Phoxinus were detected in 18 out of 138 stream sites sampled across the Douro Basin in 2017 and 2018. A total of 26 individuals were barcoded using partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome b (cytb) genes for species identification and determination of geographical origin. Molecular data provided the first record of a second Phoxinus species in western Douro (Portugal, Iberian Peninsula), with haplotypes closely matching those found in the Charente River (southern France). This species is suspected to be a recent introduction associated with the use of minnows as live bait by freshwater anglers, which was facilitated by human movements between France and Portugal. Individuals from watercourses in eastern Douro (Spain) were genetically assigned to Phoxinus bigerri, an introduced species previously known for that region, which confirms reports of introduction events from Ebro to Douro Basin probably also related to freshwater angling and facilitated by geographic proximity. The potential ecological impacts of this genus in the region are unknown and need further investigation.

伊比利亚半岛的非本地淡水鱼类数量大大增加。在这项研究中，2017年和2018年在杜罗盆地（Douro Basin）采样的138个溪流站点中有18个检测到了Phoxinus属个体。使用部分细胞色素C氧化酶亚基I（COI）和细胞色素b（cytb ）用于物种识别和确定地理起源的基因。分子数据提供了第二次Phoxinus的第一条记录杜罗河西部（葡萄牙，伊比利亚半岛）的小种，其单倍型与夏朗德河（法国南部）中发现的单倍型非常匹配。该物种被怀疑是最近引进的，与min鱼作为淡水垂钓者的活饵有关，这是由于法国和葡萄牙之间的人类迁徙而促进的。来自杜罗东部（西班牙）东部河道的个体被遗传分配给了该地区以前已知的引进物种大磷虾（Phoxinus bigerri），这证实了从埃布罗到杜罗盆地的引进事件的报道也可能与淡水钓鱼有关，并且受地理邻近性的影响。该属在该地区的潜在生态影响尚不清楚，需要进一步调查。