We show two major modes of East Asian marine heatwaves (MHWs) associated with two contrasting sea surface temperature patterns over the subtropical western North Pacific (WNP). In the first MHW mode, ocean warming over East Asia occurs along with the subtropical WNP from the earlier winter by an El Nino-Southern Oscillation. The basin-wide ocean warming is finally intensified to an extreme warming state around East Asia, where a high-pressure region in zonal waves across the Eurasian continent passes. In contrast, at the early stage, the second MHW mode is unfavorable with ocean cooling. However, MHWs over East Asia occur due to a significant intensification of a zonally elongated high-pressure zone in response to anomalous subtropical convection in addition to mid-latitude zonal waves. Due to the importance of persistent ocean warming as well as immediate atmospheric forcing, MHW inducible oceanic and atmospheric interactions are clearly distinguishable from those of atmospheric heatwaves.

中文翻译：

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东亚海洋热浪的两种主要模式

我们展示了东亚海洋热浪 (MHW) 的两种主要模式，它们与亚热带西北太平洋 (WNP) 上两种对比鲜明的海面温度模式相关。在第一个 MHW 模式中，东亚的海洋变暖与厄尔尼诺 - 南方涛动引起的早期冬季的亚热带 WNP 一起发生。整个盆地的海洋变暖最终加剧到东亚周围的极端变暖状态，一个横跨欧亚大陆的纬向波高压区经过。相比之下，早期第二MHW模式不利于海洋冷却。然而，东亚上空的 MHW 发生是由于除了中纬度纬向波之外，纬向拉长的高压带显着增强，以响应异常的亚热带对流。