This paper explores potential land-sector policies and practices that could help meet New Zealand’s 2030 Paris Agreement target of reducing their greenhouse gas emissions by 30% from 2005 levels while simultaneous achieving improvements in freshwater quality. We use an integrated model of the country’s agricultural and forestry sectors to explore the economic and environmental outcomes for 21 freshwater and climate change policy alternatives and mitigation target scenarios. The agri-environmental model estimates are then included in a multidimensional decision space framework that incorporates the risk attitude of policy-makers and uses an ordered weighting average model to evaluate potential policy pathways. We find policies that feature afforestation of marginal land are often preferred over because they provide a range of co-benefits such as carbon sequestration and reduced sedimentation and nutrient loss at relatively low cost. On the contrary, policies that only target a sp...

中文翻译：

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双赢：减少新西兰温室气体排放和改善水质的新途径

本文探讨了潜在的土地部门政策和实践，这些政策和实践可以帮助实现新西兰的《 2030年巴黎协定》目标，即将其温室气体排放量与2005年的水平相比减少30％，同时实现淡水质量的改善。我们使用该国农业和林业部门的综合模型来探索21种淡水和气候变化政策替代方案以及缓解目标方案的经济和环境成果。然后，将农业环境模型估计值包含在多维决策空间框架中，该框架纳入了决策者的风险态度，并使用有序加权平均模型来评估潜在的政策路径。我们发现以边际土地绿化为特色的政策通常比其更可取，因为它们以相对较低的成本提供了一系列共同效益，例如固碳，减少沉积和养分流失。相反，仅针对特定目标的政策