Floor stress distribution is the main index for evaluating the mining effect of upper protective coal seam. However, parameters currently used in theoretical analysis of mining-induced stress lack practicality. Therefore, in this article, a model for calculating floor stress during mining of upper protective coal seams was established based on the theory of elastic mechanics. Subsequently, the stress induced by the abutment pressure at any point in the five parts of the floor was derived. Moreover, the distribution characteristics of the horizontal, vertical, and shear stresses of the floor during mining of the upper protective coal seam were elaborated. The results show that with the continuous mining of the working face of the protective coal seam, the vertical stress of the floor strata experiences three stages, that is, rapid increase, abrupt stress relaxation, and gradual recovery to the in situ stress. With regard to the morphology, the floor strata recompress or expand in the vertical direction. Vertical and horizontal stress are relieved in the shallow part of the floor in the goaf behind the working face, and there is an abrupt reduction in the increase of concentration degree of vertical and horizontal stress in the floor strata in front of the working face. High shear stress occurs underneath the goaf near the working face. The isoline of the shear stress is distributed in a bubble shape and is oblique to the goaf. These research achievements can provide some theoretical basis for understanding the gas drainage during the mining of the upper protective coal seam.

底板应力分布是评价上部防护煤层开采效果的主要指标。然而，目前用于采矿应力理论分析的参数缺乏实用性。为此，本文基于弹性力学理论，建立了上保护煤层开采底板应力计算模型。随后，推导出地板五个部分中任意点处由邻接压力引起的应力。详细阐述了上保护煤层开采过程中底板水平应力、竖向应力和剪应力的分布特征。结果表明，随着保护煤层工作面的连续开采，底板地层竖向应力经历了快速增大、应力突然松弛和逐渐恢复至地应力3个阶段。就形态而言，地板岩层在垂直方向上重新压缩或膨胀。工作面后方采空区底板浅部竖向、水平应力得到缓解，工作面前方底板地层竖向、水平应力集中度的增幅急剧减小。高剪切应力出现在工作面附近的采空区下方。剪应力等值线呈气泡状分布，且与采空区倾斜。这些研究成果可为认识上保护煤层开采过程中瓦斯抽采提供一定的理论依据。