Fourier microscopy, which makes direct observation of the angular distribution possible, is widely used in the nanooptics community. The theory of such systems is typically based on ideal lenses. However, the real lenses in the typical complex lens systems have an impact on the image quality in the experiment. Therefore, it is desirable to have a model of the entire system, which is capable of predicting such phenomena, in order to conduct a preliminary detailed analysis of the setup before building it in the lab. In this work, we perform a vectorial physical-optics simulation of Fourier microscopy systems, which considers the real lenses; it also includes the nanostructure (e.g., photonic crystal). The systems are used to image the emission diagram of a single molecule as well as to analyze the angular-spectral property of a photonic crystal. We analyze various effects of the entire systems, e.g., Fresnel effects of the real lens surfaces, diffraction, polarization, chromatic aberration, and the effects of misalignment. We find that the above-mentioned effects have an influence on the final results, which should be taken into account when performing similar real-life experiments.

中文翻译：

---

纳米光学中的傅立叶显微系统的矢量物理光学建模。

可以直接观察角度分布的傅立叶显微镜已广泛用于纳米光学领域。这种系统的理论通常基于理想的镜头。但是，典型复杂镜头系统中的真实镜头会影响实验中的图像质量。因此，期望具有整个系统的模型，该模型能够预测这种现象，以便在实验室中建立之前对设置进行初步的详细分析。在这项工作中，我们执行了傅里叶显微镜系统的矢量物理光学模拟，其中考虑了实际的镜片；它还包括纳米结构（例如光子晶体）。该系统用于对单个分子的发射图进行成像，以及分析光子晶体的角光谱特性。我们分析了整个系统的各种效应，例如，实际透镜表面的菲涅耳效应，衍射，偏振，色差和未对准的效应。我们发现上述影响会对最终结果产生影响，在执行类似的现实生活实验时应将其考虑在内。