The year 2018 marked the 100th anniversary of the publication of paper “On the question of the biological basis of fisheries” by F.I. Baranov considered a cornerstone paper of modern fishery science. Baranov formalized population dynamics by describing changes in population abundance using differential equations, introducing the concept of instantaneous fishing and natural mortality rates, and developing his catch equation, which is the foundation of most modern age-structured stock assessment models. Baranov was the first to show the effect of fishing on population structure based on theoretical grounds. At the time of its publication, Baranov’s paper did not receive much attention in Russia and was completely unknown to scientists in the West. The second publication (On the question of the dynamics of the fishing industry, 1925) received substantial criticism from many and sparked a furious debate between Baranov and his opponents that lasted for several decades. The history and content of those debates, expressed in multiple papers by Baranov, is still largely unknown. I describe the essence of arguments by Baranov and his opponents. The story of these scientific debates reveals how different philosophical concepts and dominant points of view evolved through time.

中文翻译：

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不知名的巴拉诺夫。关于鱼类生命正式理论的四十年争论

2018 年是 FI Baranov 的论文“关于渔业的生物学基础问题”发表 100 周年，该论文被认为是现代渔业科学的基石。Baranov 通过使用微分方程描述种群丰度的变化，引入瞬时捕捞和自然死亡率的概念，并发展他的捕获方程，这是大多数现代年龄结构种群评估模型的基础，从而使种群动态正式化。Baranov 是第一个基于理论依据展示捕鱼对人口结构影响的人。在发表之时，巴拉诺夫的论文在俄罗斯并没有受到太多关注，西方科学家完全不知道。第二份出版物（关于渔业动态问题，1925 年）受到许多人的大量批评，并引发了巴拉诺夫和他的反对者之间持续数十年的激烈辩论。巴拉诺夫在多篇论文中表达的这些辩论的历史和内容在很大程度上仍然未知。我描述了 Baranov 和他的对手的论点的本质。这些科学辩论的故事揭示了不同的哲学概念和主流观点是如何随着时间演变的。