The red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, infests palm plantations, leading to large financial losses and soil erosion. Pest-host interactions are poorly understood in R. ferrugineus, but the analysis of genetic diversity and pest origins will help advance efforts to eradicate this pest. We sequenced the genome of R. ferrugineus using a combination of paired-end Illumina sequencing (150 bp), Oxford Nanopore long reads, 10X Genomics and synteny analysis to produce an assembly with a scaffold N50 of ~60 Mb. Structural variations showed duplication of detoxifying and insecticide resistance genes (e.g., glutathione S-transferase, P450, Rdl). Furthermore, the evolution of gene families identified those under positive selection including one glycosyl hydrolase (GH16) gene family, which appears to result from horizontal gene transfer. This genome will be a valuable resource to understand insect evolution and behavior and to allow the genetic modification of key genes that will help control this pest.

红棕榈象甲 ( Rhynchphorus ferrugineus ) 侵扰棕榈种植园，导致巨大的经济损失和水土流失。人们对红红锈菌的害虫与宿主之间的相互作用知之甚少，但对遗传多样性和害虫起源的分析将有助于推进根除这种害虫的努力。我们结合使用双端 Illumina 测序 (150 bp)、Oxford Nanopore 长读长、10X 基因组学和同线性分析对R. ferrugineus的基因组进行了测序，以生成支架 N50 约为 60 Mb 的组装体。结构变异显示解毒和杀虫剂抗性基因的重复（例如谷胱甘肽S-转移酶、P450、Rdl）。此外，基因家族的进化鉴定了那些处于正选择下的基因家族，包括一个糖基水解酶（GH16）基因家族，这似乎是水平基因转移的结果。该基因组将成为了解昆虫进化和行为的宝贵资源，并允许对有助于控制这种害虫的关键基因进行基因改造。