The Yap trench‐arc system is divided into north and south sections based on the location of the Yap Trench relative to the Caroline Ridge. Based on a comprehensive analysis and interpretation of new geophysical data and global open access data, the geological and geophysical characteristics of the north and south sections of the Yap trench‐arc system are compared. High‐resolution bathymetric data reveal that the southernmost Parece Vela Basin (PVB) experienced E–W and NE–SW spreading and amagmatic extension after the seafloor spreading that occurred in the main PVB. The gravity anomalies suggest that the southern Yap Arc shows a normal volcanic arc crust, while the northern Yap Arc underwent strong tectonic erosion that may have led to the loss of volcanic arc crust. The shallow earthquakes in the northern part of the Yap subduction zone are more numerous than those in the southern part, indicating that the coupling between the overriding and subducting plates is stronger in the north than in the south. The structural belt of horsts and grabens at the outer edge of the trench and the centroid‐moment tensor mechanism of earthquakes show that the Yap Arc to the north of the Sorol Trough is under extension while the Yap Arc south of the Sorol Trough is under compression. The centroid‐moment tensor solutions in the southernmost Mariana Arc and southernmost Yap Trench show a large strike‐slip component, which is presumed to be a dynamic effect caused by the Caroline Ridge collision. The different frictional surfaces between the obducting and the subducting plates cause different subduction erosion patterns in the north and south sections of the Yap trench‐arc system. Subduction erosion to the west of the Caroline Island Ridge is mainly caused by horsts and grabens, while to the west of the West Caroline Rise, it is caused by seamounts. The subduction of the Caroline Ridge is the main reason for the obvious differences in the geological and geophysical features between the north and south sections of the Yap trench‐arc system. The collision between the Caroline Ridge and Yap Trench played an important role in the formation and evolution of the Yap trench‐arc‐basin system.

中文翻译：

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雅浦沟弧系统南北段之间的地质和地球物理差异及其与卡罗琳岭俯冲的关系

根据Yap海沟相对于Caroline脊的位置，将Yap海沟-弧形系统分为北部和南部两部分。在对新的地球物理数据和全球开放获取数据进行综合分析和解释的基础上，比较了雅浦沟弧系统南北部分的地质和地球物理特征。高分辨率测深数据显示，最南端的Parece Vela盆地（PVB）在主PVB发生海床扩展之后经历了E-W和NE-SW扩展和岩浆扩展。重力异常表明，南部的雅浦弧显示出正常的火山弧地壳，而北部的雅浦弧则经历了强烈的构造侵蚀，这可能导致火山弧地壳的损失。雅浦俯冲带北部的浅层地震比南部的地震多，表明北部的俯冲板块与俯冲板块之间的耦合强于南部。地沟外缘的地壳和地幔结构带以及地震的质心矩张量机制表明，Sorol槽以北的Yap弧处于伸展状态，而Sorol槽以南的Yap弧处于受压状态。 。最南端的马里亚纳弧线和最南端的雅普海沟的质心矩张量解显示出较大的走滑分量，据推测是由卡罗琳岭碰撞引起的动力效应。俯冲板与俯冲板之间的不同摩擦面在雅浦沟弧系统的北部和南部引起不同的俯冲侵蚀模式。卡罗琳岛山脊以西的俯冲侵蚀主要是由于成群结队和grab陷引起的，而西卡罗琳海脊以西的俯冲侵蚀是由海山引起的。卡罗琳岭的俯冲是造成雅浦沟弧系统南北段地质和地球物理特征明显不同的主要原因。卡罗琳岭和雅浦海沟之间的碰撞在雅浦海沟-盆地盆地系统的形成和演化中发挥了重要作用。而在西卡罗琳山西侧，则是由海山造成的。卡罗琳岭的俯冲是造成雅浦沟弧系统南北段地质和地球物理特征明显不同的主要原因。卡罗琳岭和雅浦海沟之间的碰撞在雅浦海沟-盆地盆地系统的形成和演化中发挥了重要作用。而在西卡罗琳山西侧，则是由海山造成的。卡罗琳岭的俯冲是造成雅浦沟弧系统南北段地质和地球物理特征明显不同的主要原因。卡罗琳岭和雅浦海沟之间的碰撞在雅浦海沟-盆地盆地系统的形成和演化中发挥了重要作用。