Forest fires present a great threat as they can rapidly grow and become large, resulting in tragic loss of life and property when occurring near occupied land. Here a self‐powered fire alarm system based on a novel multilayered cylindrical triboelectric nanogenerator (MC‐TENG) that can produce electrical power for the detection sensors by harvesting the kinetic energy of moving tree branches in a forest is presented. The major parameters for harvesting the kinetic energy using the proposed MC‐TENG are investigated, including the number of triboelectric layers, the frequency, the amplitude of external excitation, and the orientation between motion direction and device configuration. The fabricated MC‐TENG results in a peak power of 2.9 mW and a maximum average power of 1.2 mW at a low frequency of 1.25 Hz. The integrated self‐powered forest fire alarm system, consisting of fire sensors, a carbon‐based micro‐supercapacitor, and the MC‐TENG, is demonstrated to be able to report fire risk or hazard efficiently, accurately, and robustly. This study provides a new solution to reduce the forest fire risk through a portable and sustainable alarm system by effectively harvesting kinetic energies in natural environment with TENG technology.

中文翻译：

---

多层圆柱形摩擦纳米发电机收集树枝的动能以监测环境状况和森林火灾

森林大火会迅速增长并变大，因此构成了巨大的威胁，当在被占土地附近发生时，会导致悲惨的生命和财产损失。本文介绍了一种基于新型多层圆柱形摩擦电动纳米发电机（MC-TENG）的自供电火灾报警系统，该系统可以通过收集森林中移动的树枝的动能为检测传感器产生电能。研究了使用拟议的MC-TENG收集动能的主要参数，包括摩擦电层数，频率，外部激励幅度以及运动方向和设备配置之间的方向。预制的MC-TENG在1.25 Hz的低频下产生的峰值功率为2.9 mW，最大平均功率为1.2 mW。集成的自供电式森林火灾报警系统由火灾传感器，碳基微型超级电容器和MC-TENG组成，能够有效，准确和可靠地报告火灾风险或危险。这项研究提供了一种新的解决方案，通过便携式和可持续的警报系统，通过使用TENG技术在自然环境中有效地收集动能，从而降低了森林火灾的风险。