Water electrolysis in neutral media has attracted concerted research efforts because of its practical applications including microbial electrolysis of wastewater and large-scale hydrogen generation by direct electrolysis of seawater. Because the corrosion of electrochemical devices is effectively reduced in neutral environments, the associated cost is consequently lowered. In this context, two-dimensional transition metal compounds have enjoyed extensive applications in the field of renewable energy because of their abundant storage capacity, easily regulated electronic structure, and unique physical and chemical features. As such, this review summarizes recent advances in the use of two-dimensional transition metal compounds as hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution, and bifunctional catalysts for neutral water splitting. Some engineering strategies to enhance electrocatalytic performances are also discussed. Finally, the current challenges and future opportunities in bifunctional electrocatalysts for full water splitting are presented.

中性介质中的水电解由于其实际应用（包括废水的微生物电解和通过海水直接电解产生的大量氢气）的实际应用吸引了一致的研究努力。由于在中性环境中可有效减少电化学装置的腐蚀，因此降低了相关成本。在这种情况下，二维过渡金属化合物因其丰富的存储容量，易于调节的电子结构以及独特的物理和化学特性而在可再生能源领域得到了广泛的应用。因此，本综述总结了二维过渡金属化合物在析氢，析氧和中性水分解中使用的双功能催化剂方面的最新进展。还讨论了一些提高电催化性能的工程策略。最后，介绍了用于全水分解的双功能电催化剂的当前挑战和未来机会。