Volcanic oceanic islands host soils that may hold important paleo-environmental proxies, based on vegetation and faunal evidences coupled with pedological and geomorphological indicators. In this regard, the main Brazilian oceanic island of Fernando de Noronha (FNI) still lacks a deeper and more complete analysis of its climatic history and soil evolution. We select and collect representative FNI soils to interpret their chemical, physical and mineralogical properties and to explain their changing pedogenesis and geomorphic balance, aiming at revealing the environmental and landscape evolutionary history of this island. Ten soil pedons on phonolites, ankaratrites and the associated pyroclastic rocks were collected in June/2018. Six profiles were classified as Inceptisols, one as Entisol, one as Mollisol, one as Vertisol and another as the first Oxisol ever described in a Brazilian oceanic island. The pH ranged between 5.0 and 6.0 in the more developed, dystrophic and Al-saturated soils, whereas alkaline pHs were found in the eutrophic and Na-rich pedons. For the latter group, chemical and physical attributes are closely associated with the parent material composition, whereas in the former, present day soil features overprint paleoweathered regoliths and former pedogenetic processes. High concentrations of available phosphorus (P) were observed in all soils and horizons, even at depths greater than 150 cm, and P forms were detected as amorphous or poorly-crystalline phosphates (Al, Fe, Na, Ca and K). High- and low-activity clay minerals coexist, combined with gibbsite and unstable primary minerals, indicating the polygenetic nature of FNI soils. A combined pedogeomorphological analysis indicated the existence of a high paleoweathered plateau with relict soils, and erosional surfaces hosting younger soils. Results showed the succession of at least three distinct main paleoclimates since the Pliocene and a post-magmatic model for landscape evolution. The unreported, widespread and intense phosphatization of all soils and paleosurfaces is attributed to a past large population of birds nesting all over the island, corroborating old historical records of the island’s early occupation. Report the occurrence of Brazil’s first ornithogenic Oxisol with more than 500 mg/kg of bioavailable P.

基于植被和动植物证据，再加上生态学和地貌学指标，火山海洋岛上的土壤可能蕴藏着重要的古环境代理。在这方面，巴西主要海洋岛屿费尔南多·德诺罗尼亚群岛（FNI）仍缺乏对其气候历史和土壤演变的更深入，更完整的分析。我们选择并收集具有代表性的FNI土壤，以解释其化学，物理和矿物学性质，并解释其成岩作用和地貌平衡的变化，旨在揭示该岛的环境和景观演化历史。2018年6月/ 2018年，在音石，玄武岩和相关的火山碎屑岩上收集了十个土壤。六种特征被归类为Inceptisols，一种归类为Entisol，一种归类为Mollisol，一个是Vertisol，另一个是巴西大洋岛屿中描述的第一个Oxisol。在较发达，营养不良和铝饱和的土壤中，pH值在5.0至6.0之间，而在富营养和富含Na的中发现了碱性pH值。对于后一组，化学和物理属性与母体的物质组成密切相关，而在前一组中，当今的土壤特征是套印了古风化的角砾岩和前成岩作用。即使在大于150 cm的深度处，在所有土壤和地表中都观察到高浓度的有效磷（P），并且检测出P形态为无定形或结晶性差的磷酸盐（Al，Fe，Na，Ca和K）。高活度和低活度粘土矿物共存，与三水铝石和不稳定的主要矿物共存，表明FNI土壤具有多基因性。组合的古地貌学分析表明，该地区存在高古风化高原，其土壤多为遗留土壤，而侵蚀面则是较年轻的土壤。结果表明，自上新世以来，至少有三个不同的主要古气候连续变化，并形成了后岩浆作用的景观演化模型。所有土壤和古表层的未报告，广泛和强烈的磷化作用归因于过去在岛上各处筑巢的大量鸟类，这证实了该岛早期占领的古老历史记录。报告巴西首个鸟类致鸟毒素的生物利用磷超过500 mg / kg的情况。结果表明，自上新世以来，至少有三个不同的主要古气候连续变化，并形成了后岩浆作用的景观演化模型。所有土壤和古表层的未报告，广泛和强烈的磷化作用归因于过去在岛上各处筑巢的大量鸟类，这证实了该岛早期占领的古老历史记录。报告巴西首个鸟类致鸟毒素的生物利用磷超过500 mg / kg的情况。结果表明，自上新世以来，至少有三个不同的主要古气候连续变化，并形成了后岩浆作用的景观演化模型。所有土壤和古表层的未报告，广泛和强烈的磷化作用归因于过去在岛上各处筑巢的大量鸟类，这证实了该岛早期占领的古老历史记录。报告巴西首个鸟类致鸟毒素的生物利用磷超过500 mg / kg的情况。