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The Sex-Specific Patterns of Changes in Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Brain, Behavior, and Immunity ( IF 8.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.06.025
Ana Milosevic 1 , Marija M Janjic 1 , Irena Lavrnja 1 , Danijela Savic 1 , Iva D Bozic 1 , Katarina Tesovic 1 , Marija Jakovljevic 1 , Sanja Pekovic 1 , Stanko S Stojilkovic 2 , Ivana Bjelobaba 1
Affiliation  

Multiple sclerosis develops during reproductive years in a sex-specific manner. Various neuroendocrine changes have been described in this inflammatory, demyelinating, and debilitating disease. We here aimed to determine the extent and sex specificity of alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in the rat model of multiple sclerosis named experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). During the EAE course, the hypothalamic tissue showed transient upregulation of inflammatory marker genes Gfap, Cd68, Ccl2, and Il1b in both sexes, but accompanied by sex-specific downregulation of Kiss1 (in females only) and Gnrh1 (in males only) expression. In females, the expression of gonadotrope-specific genes Lhb, Cga, and Gnrhr was also inhibited, accompanied by decreased basal but not stimulated serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and a transient arrest of the estrous cycle. In contrast, Fshb expression and serum progesterone levels were transiently elevated, findings consistent with the maintenance of the corpora lutea, and elevated immunohistochemical labeling of ovarian StAR, a rate limiting protein in steroidogenic pathway. In males, downregulation of Gnrhr expression and basal and stimulated serum LH and testosterone levels were accompanied by inhibited testicular StAR protein expression. We propose that inflammation of hypothalamic tissue downregulates Kiss1 and Gnrh1 expression in females and males, respectively, leading to sex-specific changes downstream the axis.

中文翻译:

实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎期间下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴变化的性别特异性模式

多发性硬化症在生育期以性别特异性方式发展。在这种炎症、脱髓鞘和使人衰弱的疾病中已经描述了各种神经内分泌变化。我们在此旨在确定称为实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎 (EAE) 的多发性硬化症大鼠模型中下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴改变的程度和性别特异性。在 EAE 过程中,下丘脑组织在两种性别中都显示出炎症标记基因 Gfap、Cd68、Ccl2 和 Il1b 的瞬时上调,但伴随着 Kiss1(仅限女性)和 Gnrh1(仅限男性)表达的性别特异性下调。在女性中,促性腺激素特异性基因 Lhb、Cga 和 Gnrhr 的表达也受到抑制,伴有基础但未受刺激的血清黄体生成素 (LH) 水平降低和发情周期的短暂停止。相比之下,Fshb 表达和血清黄体酮水平暂时升高,结果与黄体维持一致,以及卵巢 StAR(类固醇生成途径中的限速蛋白)的免疫组织化学标记升高。在男性中,Gnrhr 表达以及基础和刺激血清 LH 和睾酮水平的下调伴随着睾丸 StAR 蛋白表达的抑制。我们提出下丘脑组织的炎症分别下调女性和男性的 Kiss1 和 Gnrh1 表达,导致轴下游的性别特异性变化。Fshb 表达和血清孕酮水平暂时升高,结果与黄体维持一致,卵巢 StAR 的免疫组织化学标记升高,这是一种类固醇生成途径中的限速蛋白。在男性中,Gnrhr 表达以及基础和刺激血清 LH 和睾酮水平的下调伴随着睾丸 StAR 蛋白表达的抑制。我们提出下丘脑组织的炎症分别下调女性和男性的 Kiss1 和 Gnrh1 表达,导致轴下游的性别特异性变化。Fshb 表达和血清孕酮水平暂时升高,结果与黄体的维持一致,卵巢 StAR 的免疫组织化学标记升高,这是一种类固醇生成途径中的限速蛋白。在男性中,Gnrhr 表达以及基础和刺激血清 LH 和睾酮水平的下调伴随着睾丸 StAR 蛋白表达的抑制。我们提出下丘脑组织的炎症分别下调女性和男性的 Kiss1 和 Gnrh1 表达,导致轴下游的性别特异性变化。Gnrhr 表达和基础和刺激的血清 LH 和睾酮水平的下调伴随着睾丸 StAR 蛋白表达的抑制。我们提出下丘脑组织的炎症分别下调女性和男性的 Kiss1 和 Gnrh1 表达,导致轴下游的性别特异性变化。Gnrhr 表达和基础和刺激的血清 LH 和睾酮水平的下调伴随着睾丸 StAR 蛋白表达的抑制。我们提出下丘脑组织的炎症分别下调女性和男性的 Kiss1 和 Gnrh1 表达,导致轴下游的性别特异性变化。
更新日期:2020-10-01
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