This study investigates the origin and background atmospheric mechanisms that cause high PM₁₀ concentrations in Istanbul, Turkey. High-PM₁₀ values in Besiktas are defined as days in which the 24-h mean PM₁₀ exceed 100 μgm⁻³ during the period 2007–2017. As a consequence of the application of Ward's minimum clustering technique to HYSPLIT 72 h backward trajectory, mainly four different clusters, which cause high particulate matter episodes, were found in Istanbul. From 94 days, 41.5% of them were categorized as internal sources and are positively (negatively) linked to local temperature (relative humidity) variations. The other sources are shown as external origin and owing to long-range transport of the high particulate matter concentrations; Europe, Russia, and Sahara regions originate 21.3%, 8.5%, and 28.7% of all episodes, respectively. According to the composite analysis of meteorological factors for high PM₁₀ external sources originated by Sahara desert indicates that a strong surface deep low pressure over Italy and an anomalously high pressure over Caspian Sea accompanied by the strong southwesterly wind patterns from Sahara region at mid-levels enable transferring of suspended dust particles to Istanbul in a very short time during spring days. On the other hand, extending of the Azores high-pressure centers from its origin to Balkan Peninsula cause transferring of high-PM₁₀ values by northwesterly flows to Istanbul during winter months. Although high-PM₁₀ episodes originated by Russia shown as least frequent, their contribution to PM₁₀ levels are higher than the other long-range transport pathways. The origins of high-PM10 episodes and their associated meteorological conditions found in this study can provide theoretical underpinnings for dust control strategies and early warnings for health related diseases.

这项研究调查了导致土耳其伊斯坦布尔PM ₁₀浓度高的起源和背景大气机制。高PM _10个在贝西克塔斯值被定义为天，其中24小时的平均PM ₁₀超过100μgm ^-3在2007-2017年期间。由于将Ward最小聚类技术应用于HYSPLIT 72 h向后轨迹，在伊斯坦布尔发现了主要引起高颗粒物事件的四个不同的星团。从94天开始，其中的41.5％被归类为内部来源，并且与当地温度（相对湿度）的变化呈正相关（负相关）。其他来源显示为外部来源，这是由于高颗粒物浓度的远距离运输所致；欧洲，俄罗斯和撒哈拉地区分别占所有事件的21.3％，8.5％和28.7％。根据高PM ₁₀的气象因素综合分析撒哈拉沙漠起源的外部资料表明，意大利上空的深层低压以及里海上空的异常高压，加上中级撒哈拉地区的西南风强势，使得悬浮尘埃颗粒可以在很短的时间内转移到伊斯坦布尔春季的时间。另一方面，亚速尔群岛的高压中心从其起源扩展到巴尔干半岛，导致冬季期间西北向北流向伊斯坦布尔转移了高PM ₁₀值。尽管由俄罗斯发起的高PM ₁₀情节出现的频率最低，但它们对₁₀ PM的贡献水平高于其他远程运输途径。这项研究中发现的高PM10发作的起源及其相关的气象条件可以为粉尘控制策略和健康相关疾病的早期预警提供理论依据。